中小學推動學生正向心理健康工作之初探

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解中小學推動學生正向心理健康工作的動機與目的、策略、困難與因應及需求與建議。本研究為質性研究，於2023年邀請兩所國小、兩所國中和一所高中的師長進行訪談，共訪談校長4名、主任8名、組長6名、教師5名、學校護理師2名，研究結果如下:一、學校推動正向心理健康工作的動機包括學校學生來自弱勢家庭比例高、親師生衝突增加、承接正向心理健康議題中心學校任務。二、學校推動正向心理健康工作的目的包括幫助學生找到長處並發揮、帶動教育正向力量、創造幸福有感校園。三、學校推動正向心理健康工作的策略包括跨處室合作、在課程融入正向心理健康、營造支持性環境、增進校內教師專業成長。四、學校推動正向心理健康工作遭遇困難包括教師本身幸福感不高、人力缺乏、經費捉襟見肘、設備與空間不足。五、學校推動正向心理健康工作因應方法包括建構教師支持系統，關懷互助、努力引進資源、增進教師參與。六、學校推動正向心理健康工作需求包括政府單位辦理增能活動與經費挹注，並提供教學資源、簡化行政程序。七、學校推動正向心理健康工作建議包括課程融入正向心理健康、增進教師幸福感。本研究建議政府單位多辦理正向心理健康相關教育訓練培訓；學校跨處室推動，增進親師生正向心理健康知能。This study explored the motivations, objectives, strategies, challenges, coping methods, needs, and recommendations involved in implementing positive mental health initiatives for primary and secondary school students. The qualitative study was conducted in 2023, involving interviews with educators from two primary schools, two junior high schools, and one senior high school. The research participants included four principals, eight directors, six team leaders, five teachers, and two school nurses. The research findings were as follows:1.The motivations for schools to implement positive mental health initiatives included a high proportion of students coming from disadvantaged families, an increase in conflicts among parents, teachers, and students, and the task of demonstrating a positive mental health approach within the school.2.The objectives of schools in implementing positive mental health initiatives were to help students discover and develop their strengths, foster a positive educational environment, and create a happy campus.3.The strategies for schools to implement positive mental health initiatives included cross-departmental collaboration, integrating positive mental health into the curriculum, creating a supportive environment, and enhancing teachers' professional development. 4.The difficulties schools encountered in implementing positive mental health initiatives included low levels of teacher happiness, manpower shortage, limited funding, and inadequate equipment and space. 5.The coping methods used by schools to implement positive mental health initiatives included establishing a supportive system for teachers, fostering care and mutual assistance, making efforts to secure additional resources, and enhancing teachers' participation. 6.The needs of schools in implementing positive mental health initiatives included government agencies organizing more capacity-building activities and providing funding support, as well as offering teaching resources and streamlining administrative procedures.7.The recommendations for schools in implementing positive mental health initiatives included integrating positive mental health into the curriculum and enhancing teachers' happiness. The study recommended that government agencies organize more education, training, and workshops related to positive mental health. Schools could implement cross-departmental collaboration to enhance positive mental health literacy for parents, teachers, and students.