幼兒雙語音樂教學之行動研究

Abstract

本研究以英語融入音樂活動，設計出適合幼兒的雙語音樂教學課程，透過課程的實施，了解幼兒音樂能力中歌唱表現、音高辨認、力度變化、速度變化及節奏拍奏的變化，同時探究幼兒英語能力的改變。在教學活動設計、雙語使用時機及幼兒課堂反應進行討論與修正，以作為未來教學之參考。本研究為行動研究，總共28位幼兒參與教學活動，幼兒的年齡範圍分布在四至六歲，教學實施三循環，共十二堂課，評量包含每循環最後一堂課的音樂及英語表現觀察評量表共三次，研究工具包含音樂及英語表現觀察評量表、課堂活動觀察記錄表及教師教學省思表，研究者以質性編碼、描述性統計進行分析。本研究發現如下： 一、課程內容兼具結構性與多元性，英語元素與音樂活動比例適切，能有效引導幼兒在輕鬆情境中接觸並使用英語。 二、動態、遊戲化活動可顯著提升參與度，輔以手勢與視覺提示能增進幼兒對語言指令的理解。 三、幼兒在歌唱表現、節奏變化、速度變化、力度變化與音高辨識等音樂表現方面皆有進步。 四、在英語能力上，幼兒的聽力理解與簡單口語輸出能力明顯提升，語言焦慮感降低。 最末，根據研究結果，本研究針對教學內容設計及未來研究提出相關建議。

The purpose of this study is to develop a suitable bilingual music curriculum for young children by integrating English into music activities. The curriculum aimed to explore changes in children’s musical abilities, such as singing, pitch recognition, dynamics, tempo, and rhythm, and their English proficiency. The design, timing of bilingual use, and children’s responses were reviewed and refined for future teaching reference.Through an action research approach, 28 children aged 4 to 6 participated in three cycles of instruction, comprising twelve lessons. Assessments were conducted at the end of each cycle using observation checklists for music and English performance, classroom observation records, and teacher reflections. Data were analysed through qualitative coding, and descriptive statisticst.The findings are as follows:1. The curriculum content combined both structure and diversity, with a balanced proportion of English elements and music activities, effectively guiding children to use English in a relaxed context.2. Dynamic, game-based activities significantly increased participation, and the use of gestures and visual cues enhanced comprehension of bilingual instructions3. Children showed improvement in musical performance, including singing, rhythm, dynamics, and pitch recognition4. In terms of English proficiency, listening comprehension and basic oral expression skills improved significantly, while language anxiety decreased.Lastly, this study proposes recommendations regarding curriculum design and directions for future research.