戶外冒險教育方案對助人工作者效益之研究─以「2018杜威約榮格‧花東單車遊」為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討戶外冒險教育對助人工作者之效益，以《2018杜威約榮格‧花東單車遊》方案為例，瞭解助人工作者參與戶外冒險教育方案後，助人者個人並其從事助人工作的正向改變，以及產生效益的背後機轉。 本研究為深入了解參與者獨特且真實的個人經驗，採用質性研究─詮釋現象學取向為研究方法，針對五名受訪者進行深度訪談。結果發現戶外冒險教育能對助人者的自我內在帶來正向改變，再延伸至人我關係的轉變，並進一步對其從事助人工作帶來正向影響。助人工作者參與戶外冒險教育方案所得之效益，可分為三個層面：(一)自我內在；(二)人我關係；以及(三)助人工作。助人工作者透過參與戶外冒險教育方案，獲致了上述三個層面之正向的結果及改變之外，亦有因置身於「自然情境」中所得之效益。 根據訪談所得之資料，整理出使效益得以產生、改變得以發生的五個機轉，分別為：(一)冒險卻療癒的時空；(二)冒險結合心理專業的設計；(三)團隊中的平等與共學賦能；(四)安全且支持接納的團隊；及(五)身體力行的個別化經驗。最後，研究者根據研究結果，對欲針對助人工作者舉辦戶外冒險教育方案的單位，及未來研究提出建議。Taking the "2018 When Dewey Invites Jung to Ride Together" program as an example, this study aims to investigate the effects of outdoor adventure education on helping professionals. This study is to understand the changes of the helping professionals themselves as well as the positive change towards their own lives with the outdoor adventure education program they participate in. Furthermore, the mechanism behind the change is investigated. In order to obtain a deeper understanding of the unique and genuine personal experience of participants, this study adopted a qualitative and hermeneutic phenomenologic approach, collecting the data by conducting in-depth interviews with five helping professionals who participated in this program. This study found that outdoor adventure education can bring positive changes to the intrapersonal relationship of the helping professionals, self-other relation, and also their own helping profession. The benefits can be divided into three levels: (1) Intrapersonal Relationship; (2) Self-other Relation; and (3) Helping Profession. Above all, participants also gained the benefits from just being in the "Natural". The five mechanisms that bring about the benefits and changes: (1) an adventurous and healing time and space; (2) psychological profession is infused in a program of adventure ; (3) equality and empowerment in a learning community; (4) a safe and supportive group; and (5) One's unique and genuine personal experience. According to the above-mentioned results, researchers proposed suggestions for the future research and related agencies that desire to organize outdoor adventure education programs for helping professionals.