國中生社群媒體使用與身體意象之關係研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國中生社群媒體使用、社群媒體纖瘦或肌肉意象暴露、纖瘦或肌肉理想內化、外貌比較、社群媒體壓力、社群媒體素養與身體意象之間的關係。研究對象為臺北市某國中111學年度七年級至九年級的學生。調查於2023年5月進行，研究工具為結構式問卷，有效樣本為372位學生。結果如下：一、國中生最常使用的社群媒體是Instagram (IG)，平均每日使用時間超過1小時。二、國中生的Instagram (IG)使用時間、抖音(Tik Tok)使用時間、整體社群媒體使用時間，以及在Instagram (IG)上的纖瘦或肌肉意象訊息暴露頻率、纖瘦或肌肉理想內化、外貌比較、社群媒體壓力與身體滿意度呈顯著負相關。三、國中生的社群媒體素養與身體意象(外貌評價、身體滿意度)呈顯著正相關。四、多元迴歸分析結果顯示：國中生為女生、七年級、肥胖、社群媒體壓力越高、社群媒體素養越低，其外貌評價越低。女生、肥胖、社群媒體使用時間越長、社群媒體壓力越高、社群媒體素養越低，其身體滿意度越低。根據研究結果，建議學校應將社群媒體素養教育納入課程中，並協助學生建立正向的身體意象觀念。

This study examined the relationship between social media use, exposure to thin or muscular ideals on social media, internalization of thin or muscular body ideals, appearance comparison, social media pressure, social media literacy, and body image among junior high school students. Participants consisted of 372 students in grades 7 to 9 from a junior high school in Taipei City. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire in May 2023. The results were as follows:1. Instagram (IG) was the most frequently used social media platform, with students spending over an hour on it daily.2. Students' daily usage time of Instagram, Tik Tok, and social media, exposure to thin or muscular body ideals on Instagram, internalization of body ideals, appearance comparison, and social media pressure were negatively correlated with body satisfaction. 3. Students' social media literacy was positively correlated with body image including appearance evaluation and body satisfaction. 4. Multiple regression analysis indicated that students who were female, 7th graders, obese, who had greatersocial media pressure, and lower social media literacy were more likely to have lower appearance evaluation. Students who were female, obese, who had greater social media usage time, greater social media pressure, and lower social media literacy were more likely to have lower body satisfaction.Based on the findings, this study suggests incorporating social media literacy education into school curricula to promote positive body image among students.