能源教育網站背景與框架色彩之研究

Abstract

近年來隨著能源議題漸受重視，各式能源教育網站建置數量也逐漸增加。國外能源教育網站色彩多樣化如橘色、黃色、紅色、黑色等色彩，國內能源教育網站色彩則以藍色和綠色為主，相較之下色彩較為單調且網站之間無獨特性。有鑑於此，本研究目的以大學生為研究對象，探討使用者在使用能源教育網站時，網站之背景色彩與框架色彩對於視覺疲勞度、學習效益、學習動機、網站評價是否具有其影響性，以作為未來網站設計者在設計能源教育相關網站時的參考基準。 本研究分三個實驗階段，第一階段實驗調查 30 位大學生對於 18 種網站背景色彩的主觀喜好程度，並透過 SPSS 群集分析選出 4 種背景色彩（紫紅色、黃橙色、藍色、綠色）；第二階段實驗則根據第一階段實驗所選出 4 種背景色彩（紫紅色、黃橙色、藍色、綠色），搭配 2 種框架色彩（框架色彩分離與框架色彩不分離）共 8 種網站頁面進行能源教育網站設計並進行視覺疲勞度量表、能源認知測驗及教材動機量表；第三階段則依據第二階段結果進行整體評估並選出 2 種背景色彩（紫紅色、黃橙色）與框架色彩（框架分離），加上原始能源教育網站共 3 種網站 頁面對學習者進行網站實質及感覺層面的評價調查。本研究三個實驗階段之研究結果顯示： 1. 背景色彩為紫紅色與黃橙色的能源教育網站，對於大學生能源知識學習效益上高於藍色與綠色的能源教育網站。 2. 框架色彩分離的能源教育網站，對於大學生的視覺疲勞度高於框架色彩不分離的能源教育網站。 3. 背景色彩為紫紅色與黃橙色且框架色彩分離的能源教育網站，對於大學生在能源知識的學習效益較佳。 4. 網站評價的實質層面，背景色彩為紫紅色與黃橙色且框架色彩分離的能源教育網站，優於原始網站色彩。 5. 網站評價的感覺層面，背景色彩為紫紅色且框架色彩分離的能源教育網站，優於黃橙色與原始網站色彩。 本研究結果顯示，背景色彩為紫紅色、黃橙色且框架色彩分離的能源教育網站在學習效益不差於背景色彩為藍色和綠色的能源教育網站，並且背景色彩為紫紅色、黃橙色的能源教育網站在網站評價上也高於原始能源教育網站色彩。因此在能源教育網站的建置上可考慮使用如紫紅色、黃橙色等其他色彩，不但可維持能源教育網站學習者的學習效益，也可增加該網站與其它能源教育網站在色彩上的不同進而產生差異化，可吸引更多學習者瀏覽與使用。In recent years, as energy issues receive more and more attention,various energy education websites have also gradually increased in number. Foreign energy education websites use multiple colors, such as orange,yellow, red and black, while domestic ones mainly use blue and green and thus, in comparison, are more monotonous in color and less original. In view of the foregoing, this study chooses college students as study subjects to explore the influence of website background colors and frame colors on visual fatigue, learning effectiveness, learning motivation and website rating when users use energy education websites so as to provide a reference standard in designing energy education-related websites for website designers in the future. The study is divided into three stages of experiments. In the first-stage experiments, we investigated 30 college students’ subjective preference of 18 website background colors and selected four background colors (purplish red, yellowish orange, blue and green)through SPSS luster analysis. In the second-stage experiments, we combined the four background colors (purplish red, yellowish orange, blue and green) selected in the first-stage experiments with two kinds of frame colors (separate or non-separated frame colors) to generate eight kinds of web pages for energy education website design, and then we conducted visual fatigue scales, cognitive tests on energy, and motivation scales on teaching materials. In the third-stage experiments, we carried out an overall evaluation on the results in the second stage and selected two background colors (purplish red and yellowish orange) and a kind of frame color (separate frame colors), together with the original energy education website, to investigate the learners’ rating in terms of substantive aspects and feeling aspects on these three kinds of web pages. The findings of the three stages of experiments in this study indicate the following: 1. College students’ learning effectiveness in energy knowledge for the energy education website with purplish red and yellowish orange as background colors is higher than that for the one with blue and green as background colors. 2. College students’ visual fatigue for the energy education website with separate frame colors is higher than that for the one with non-separated frame colors. 3. College students has better learning effectiveness in energy knowledge for the energy education website with purplish red and yellowish orange as background colors and with separate frame colors. 4. The energy education website with purplish red and yellowish orange as background colors and with separate frame colors receives a higher rating in terms of substantive aspects than the one with the colors of the original website. 5. The energy education website with purplish red as background color and with separate frame colors receives a higher rating in terms of feeling aspects than the ones with yellowish orange or with the colors of the original website. The findings of this study show that the learning effectiveness for the energy education website with purplish red and yellowish orange as background colors and with separate frame colors is not lower than that for the one with blue and green as background colors. In addition, the energy education website with purplish red and yellowish orange as background colors also receives a higher rating than the one with the colors of the original energy education website. Therefore, other colors like purplish red and yellowish orange may be considered to be used in the construction of an energy education website, which not only preserves the learners’ learning effectiveness for the energy education website but also allows the website to be distinguished from other energy education websites due to the difference in color, thereby attracting more learners to navigate and use the website.