三種不同材質羽毛球之動力學分析

Abstract

本研究以力學觀點分析天然羽毛球、人造塑膠羽毛球及人造碳纖維羽毛球三種材質的飛行特性，藉由尺寸量測、自由落體終端速度實驗、空氣阻力係數計算、發球機測試飛行落點與初速、翻轉初角速度等方式，探討物理與動力學變項之差異。研究透過PHANTOM VEO 710L-18GB-Mono高速攝影機（500Hz）與Sony HDR-CX900(30Hz)攝錄影像，再利用Tracker 6.2.0、PCC 3.4、SPSS23與Excel365進行資料處理，採用無母數克-瓦二氏單因子等級變異數檢定與史皮爾曼等級相關分析進行統計比較。結果顯示：三種羽毛球雖皆符合國際規格，但其質量、尺寸、空氣動力表現與飛行穩定性皆達顯著差異（p< .05）。天然羽毛球質量最輕、截面積最小且飛行穩定性最佳；塑膠羽毛球質量最大、阻力最高、落點最分散；碳纖羽毛球具最快終端速度與最遠飛行距離，翻轉初角速度與天然羽毛球相近，展現優良氣動性能與穩定性。建議未來提升碳纖羽毛球製程穩定性，並推廣應用於訓練與教學場域，以促進羽球運動之永續與普及。This study analyzed the flight dynamics of badminton shuttlecocks made from natural feathers, synthetic plastic, and synthetic carbon fiber using a mechanics-based approach. The research involved measuring geometric parameters, conducting terminal velocity tests, calculating drag coefficients, and evaluating flight distance, stability, and spin angular velocity using a launching machine. High-speed images were captured using a PHANTOM VEO 710L-18GB-Mono camera (500 Hz) and a Sony HDR-CX900(30Hz), and analyzed with Tracker 6.2.0, PCC 3.4, SPSS 23, and Excel 365. Statistical evaluations were performed using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks and Spearman rank correlation. Results showed that although all shuttlecocks met international standards, significant differences (p< .05) were found in mass, dimensions, aerodynamic performance, and flight consistency. Natural feather shuttlecocks were the lightest and most stable in flight; plastic shuttlecocks were the heaviest with the highest drag and most scattered landings; carbon fiber shuttlecocks achieved the highest terminal velocity and longest distance, with spin dynamics comparable to natural ones. The study recommends improving the production consistency of carbon fiber shuttlecocks and expanding their use intraining and education to promote the sustainability and accessibility of badminton.