臺南科學園區對周圍地方發展的影響

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺南科學園區自1995年設立以來，對其周邊善化、新市與安定三區的發展影響，南科作為臺灣南部高科技產業的重要基地，隨著園區開發規模擴大與廠商進駐，帶動周圍地區多方面的轉變。本研究基於過往報章與文獻資料，聚焦於「人口」、「產業」、「生活環境」三個面向，運用1995至2024年間的戶政人口統計與營業稅籍登記資料，分別計算平均人口成長率與區位商數，接續輔以實地調查、圖資比對，深入探討住宅景觀、基礎建設與商業發展的實質變化，並以成長極理論作為基礎，藉以呈現三個面向的空間發展脈絡。研究結果顯示，南科龐大的就業機會促使人口成長，且主要以社會增加為主，其中遷入人口主要以善化區小新里與蓮潭里、新市區社內里、安定區港南里為主。在產業方面，園區帶動了製造業、營建工程業、批發及零售業、住宿及餐飲業、其他服務業，並呈現出了空間差異性，製造業隨著工業區發展，住宿及餐飲業與其他服務業則有明顯的集中趨勢。在生活環境方面，南科周圍的傳統聚落，在住宅景觀上呈現出新舊交錯的樣貌，而都市計畫政策也影響了地方發展，隨著善化與新市重劃區的陸續開發，成為人口移入與基礎建設資源投入的重點區域，商業景觀亦隨著人口集中與生活機能提升，新市與善化市中心商業活動日益活絡，但安定區的商業發展則相對薄弱，居民仍需仰賴鄰近行政區補足需求。整體而言，南科雖作為帶動地方發展的重要成長極，但其效益卻呈現出空間分佈不均，社會差異擴大等現象，對周邊地區的衝擊已逐漸浮現在生活習慣、房價上漲、交通擁擠、資源分配不均、電廠選址等。本研究藉由小尺度的區域分析，揭示了科學園區發展所伴隨的都市化過程與地方不均衡發展現象，並期望能提供未來區域規劃與政策制定的重要參考依據。This study investigates the developmental impact of the Tainan Science Park, established in 1995, on the surrounding districts of Shanhua, Sinshih, and Anding. As a major high-tech hub in southern Taiwan, the park’s expansion and industrial influx have significantly reshaped adjacent regions. Focusing on three dimensions—population, industry, and living environment—this research draws upon household registration and business registration data from 1995 to 2024, calculating average population growth rates and location quotients. These are further supported by field surveysand spatial analysis to examine changes in housing, infrastructure, and commercial landscapes, with growth pole theory as the conceptual framework. Findings show that Tainan Science Park has spurred population growth primarily through immigration, particularly in Liantan and Siaosin village (Shanhua district), Shennei and Sinhe village (Sinshih district), and Gangnan village (Anding district). Industrial development includes manufacturing, hospitality, and other service sectors, all of which exhibit significant spatial concentration trends. Redevelopment zones, such as LM and Sinhe, have become focal points for population and infrastructure investment, while traditional settlements show mixed residential landscapes. Commercial activity is strong in Shanhua and Sinshih centers, but weaker in Anding, where residents depend on neighboring districts. Overall, Tainan Science Park has played a key role in regional development, but has also resulted in uneven spatial benefits and rising social disparities. This study highlights the localized impacts of science park-led urbanization and offers insights for future regional planning.