北區某技術學院進修部學生健康促進生活型態及其相關因素研究

Abstract

本研究目的在瞭解進修部學生健康促進生活型態，並探討其個人背景變項、自覺健康狀況與健康促進生活型態的關係及預測因子。以基隆市某技術學院之進修部學生為研究對象，採橫斷式調查法，利用自填問卷方式，取得有效問卷共482份。研究結果發現： 一、研究對象之自覺健康狀況介於中等程度以上。自覺目前的健康狀況好者有六成六，自覺與同年齡的人比較健康狀況好者有五成六，但有有三成二的人自覺健康狀況愈來愈壞。 二、研究對象整體的健康促進生活型態介於中等程度。以人際支持表現最佳，而健康責任表現最差。而性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、BMI、工作年資及職位等背景變項與健康促進生活型態有明顯的關係。另外，自覺健康狀況與健康促進生活型態皆呈正相關。 三、研究對象的個人背景變項與自覺健康狀況都可以有效的預測健康促進生活型態，並可解釋其總變異量的5~21%；其中「自覺健康狀況」為主要預測變項。This purpose of this study is to understand the health-promoting lifestyles of students who are studying in the Continuation Department and explore the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and their personal background variables as well as self-conscious health conditions. In addition, this study also focuses on predictive factors of a health-promoting lifestyle. This objects of this study were students from a Continuation Department at an institute of technology in Keelung. A Cross-sectional survey method was adopted by using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 482 valid questionnaires were collected. The results show that: I. The self-conscious health conditions of the Object of Study fall above moderate status. Students who think that they currently have good health account for 66% of the collected data. When compared with people of the same age, students who think that they currently have good health condition account for 56%. However, 32% of these students think that their health conditions are getting worse. II. The overall health-promoting lifestyle of the research object lies in between moderate states. Interpersonal support has the best performance, followed by self-realization, stress management, and nutrition and exercise behavior. Health responsibility has the worst performance. The background variables, such as gender, age, marital status, BMI, work seniority, and job position are significantly related to health-promoting lifestyles. In addition, both “self-conscious health condition” and “health-promoting lifestyle” show a positive correlation. III. The personal background variables and self-conscious health conditions of the research object can be used to predict health-promoting lifestyles effectively, and it also can explain 5% to 21% of the total variance. Between these variables, “self-conscious health condition” is the main predictor variable.In addition, gender, BMI, and job position can be used to predict exercise behavior; work seniority can be used to predict nutrition behavior. Males working in management positions with a BMI between 18.5 and 23.9 performed better in exercise behavior. Furthermore, the higher they ranked in work seniority, the better they performed in nutrition behavior. In the end, recommendations based on results of this study for the institute’s health practices were proposed to the educational administration to enhance the development of health behavior for the students of the Continuation Department and to strengthen the institute’s planning of health-promoting activities. Suggestions for future research are also offered in this study.