案主被迫結案經驗之質性研究

Abstract

本研究旨在了解案主所知覺之被迫結案的經驗與歷程，研究目的包括：（1）了解案主經歷被迫結案經驗的個人故事；（2）了解案主知覺被迫結案的歷程階段與各階段中的經驗；與（3）了解案主對機構與諮商師處理被迫結案的建議。以立意取樣邀請六位曾經歷過被迫結案的案主接受半結構式的深入訪談，並以心理動力取向對諮商與結案的看法為出發點，用質性研究中的主題分析法進行資料歸納與分析。 本研究之研究結果與討論分為四部分： 一、呈現案主經歷被迫結案經驗的個人故事：將六位受訪者經歷被迫結案的歷程與經驗分別描繪，呈現個別背景與脈絡及其結案經驗的發展與影響。 二、呈現案主知覺被迫結案的歷程階段與各階段中的經驗：將被迫結案的歷程階段統整為三個部分：（1）「結案發生—晴天霹靂」，從案主「對結案的心理準備」到案主「產生得知結案消息當下之反應」為止，；（2）「結案處理與反應—風狂雨 驟」，從案主「感受到結案被處理的狀況」到結案發生、結束諮商為止；與（3）「結案過後—雨斂風停 」，從「案主結案後的反應與狀態」到案主「接受訪談時對被迫結案的看法與詮釋」為止。 三、呈現案主對機構與諮商師處理被迫結案的建議：包括「案主對機構與諮商師的被迫結案處理建議」、「案主對諮商師的被迫結案處理建議」與「案主對機構的被迫結案處理建議」等三項。 四、研究者對案主知覺之被迫結案經驗與歷程及被迫結案的處理建議提出討論，除呈現案主在被迫結案歷程中的反應特徵外，也歸納出影響被迫結案歷程與案主反應的因素，強調被迫結案過程中承接案主情緒與陪伴哀悼的重要性，同時結合文獻、案主經驗與研究者自身之看法，提出「盡可能降低被迫結案負面影響的建議」。 最後，研究者根據研究結果與討論，提出本研究之結論與研究限制，針對案主、諮商師、機構三者面對被迫結案的因應方式做出建議，並提供對未來相關研究之建議。The purpose of this research was to explore the process of the forced termination of a counseling session and how it affects counseling. The goals of this study were: (1) to understand personal experiential stories surrounding forced termination; (2) to explore the process of forced termination from the perspective of the client; and (3) to express and analyze the concerns raised against agencies and counselors that deal with forced termination. A total of six clients who have dealt with forced termination participated in semi-structured deep interviews. Thematic analysis was then used for data analysis and classification. The results showed that clients went through three stages: the termination occurring stage, the termination processing stage, and the stage after termination. They further revealed many different features of the reactions that clients have during the termination process, and the reciprocal relationship those reactions have with the process itself. After discussion, suggestions were provided to counselors and agencies on how to reduce the negative effects of forced termination to a minimum. Directions for future research were also suggested.