日本動畫中的妖怪文化研究

Abstract

文化創意產業是近年來亞洲國家發展的主要潮流之一；在動畫方陎，以日本為例，傳統文化是受歡迎的題材與元素，許許多多的日本傳統故事或傳說，在動畫創意者的巧思下，都逐一成為動畫故事的主角或內容，與其他類型動畫題材相比，此類型的題材往往能獲得更多觀眾的認同與支持。 依此思考脈絡，在亞洲各國爭相發展動畫產業的氛圍之下，若將傳統文化佐以創意並重新詮釋與包裝，應可成為動畫產業發展的主要方向，並且藉以創造高收益與價值。 台灣民俗信仰為傳統文化特色之一，此類題材不難引貣台灣觀眾的共鳴，台灣因複雜的歷史背景，也因此具有多元文化融合的色彩，中國、日本、原住民與南亞文化，諸多的神怪傳奇故事都非常精彩，這些都可成為好的創意元素。 本論文主要分析日本以妖怪文化作為題材的動畫，進而探討如何運用創意來包裝傳統故事的方法，並分析日本妖怪動畫特色與成功的原因；此研究對妖怪類型動畫做詳盡的分析及介紹外，盼能對台灣及亞洲急欲發展動畫產業的各國，提出未來可行的發展方向與概念。In recent years, the creative industry has become one of the main trends for the country development in Asia; In Japan, traditional culture is a quite popular subject in animation films. One by one, after the creative thoughts from animation artists, lots of trational legend or folk stories became the main content in animation stories. To compare with other subjects in animation, traditional legend and folk story usually obtain more approval and support by the audience. In this case, the recreation of traditional culture can bring high value and profit, and to be the main direction, in the competition of animation industry developments in Asian countries. The folk believes in Taiwan is one of the features in tradition. It ’s easy to have response from Taiwanese audience with the kind of subject. With the complexity of historical background, there is a lot of culture varieties mixed together in Taiwan; which includes Chinese, Japanese South Asia and aboriginal cultures. Lots of god and sprits legends are very brilliant, which can become good creative elements. This dissertation mainly analyses Youkai culture subject in Japanese animations, and with further discussions about how to decorate the traditional story with creativity. At last analyse the reason of succeed in Japanese Youkai animation characteristics. The research introduces and exhaustive analysis to Youkai animation, and wish can be helped in future direction and concept for Taiwan, and those countries in Asia , who are in hurry to develop animation industry.