青少年媒體使用行為、色情暴力訊息暴露與霸凌經驗之探討-以新北市高中職一年級學生為例

Abstract

本研究探討青少年媒體使用行為、色情暴力訊息暴露與網路及傳統霸凌經驗間之關係。受測學生選自新北市12所高中職學校，共計1,255位一年級學生完成自填問卷。以變異數分析及邏輯斯複迴歸進行相關因素之檢驗分析，研究結果如下： 1.過去一年內，有27.5%的學生曾經歷過傳統霸凌經驗，包含傳統霸凌他人(10.3%)，傳統被霸凌(8.6%)及傳統霸凌/被霸凌(7.4%)；過去一年內，35.7%的學生曾經歷過網路霸凌經驗，包含網路霸凌他人(5.7%)，網路被霸凌(18.7%)，網路霸凌/被霸凌(11.3%)。 2.多變項分析結果顯示，男性、接觸到較多的色情訊息的學生，易有傳統霸凌他人的情況；學生為單親家庭、中低收入戶時，較易發生傳統被霸凌的情況；男性、單親家庭的學生，較易有傳統霸凌/被霸凌的情況。 3.多變項分析結果顯示，網路使用時間越長、接觸到越多暴力訊息時，易有網路被霸凌的情況；男性、色情及暴力訊息暴露為網路霸凌/被霸凌的危險因子。 4.曾在網路上霸凌他人的學生，較易有傳統霸凌他人的情況(OR=2.82，95%CI=1.51-5.23)；在網路上被霸凌的學生，較易有傳統被霸凌的情況(OR=2.29，95%CI=1.45-3.63)。 結論：色情/暴力訊息暴露是青少年發生傳統及網路霸凌的危險因子。本研究建議，應將網路霸凌預防教育納入傳統校園霸凌預防課程、強化電視與網路分級制度，以防止兒童與青少年藉由媒體而接觸到色情與暴力訊息。

This study examined media usage behavior and exposure to sexual/violent messages and the relationship to cyber/school bullying among adolescents. A total of 1,255 high school 10th grade students recruited from 12 schools in New Taipei City completed the questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regressions were applied for statistical analysis. Results are as follows: 1. Over the past year, 27.5% of the students had experienced traditional bullying, including bully-only (10.3%), victim-only (8.6%), and bully-victim (7.4%). In addition, 35.7% of the students had experienced cyberbullying, including cyberbully-only (5.7%), cybervictim-only (18.7%), and cyber bully-victim (11.3%). 2. Multivariate analyses results indicated that male students with exposure to sexual messages were more likely to be traditional bullies, while students from low socioeconomic status and single-parent families were at higher risk of being traditional victims. In addition, males and single-parent families was independent predictor of the role of traditional bully-victim. 3. Multivariate analyses results indicated that students with exposure to sexual messages and using internet frequently were more likely to be cyber victims. In addition, males and exposure to sexual/violent media was an independent predictor of the role of cyber bully-victim. 4. Students who had cyberbully experience tended to be involved in bullying others at school (OR=2.82, 95%CI=1.51-5.23), while students who had been bullied online were more likely to be bullied at school (OR=2.29, 95%CI=1.45-3.63).

Conclusions: Exposure to sexual/violent messages was a risk factor for traditional and cyber bullying among adolescents. The results of the present study suggested the need for implementation of cyberbullying prevention programs as part of school bullying prevention. Television and Internet content rating systems should be strengthened to protect children and youth from media pornography and violence.