極簡主義於二十四節氣蔬果插畫海報創作之研究

Abstract

極簡主義（Minimalism）在現今的設計上，潛移默化影響了日常生活中的思維觀念及價值轉變，本研究探討極簡主義的設計理念，結合二十四節氣順時應季的蔬果插畫為設計主題創作，研究動機源自於古代農民的日出而作，日落而息的樸實簡單生活，與極簡主義的特點有相同之處，以西方的極簡主義設計手法表現結合傳統二十四節氣蔬果題材，藉由視覺設計，傳達極簡主義的簡單、純粹與二十四節氣順時應季的蔬果。本研究藉由文獻分析法，探討極簡主義的藝術史脈絡發展及意義與內涵，了解與極簡主義設計理念是有其相同之處與差異性，研究方法以KJ歸島法進行彙整、歸納分析，蒐集符合極簡主義表現手法的海報設計案例，案例取樣於 2000至2020年間AGI國際平面設計聯盟官網上的108張海報案例，歸納出可以應用於插畫海報設計上的創作表現手法，研究結論歸納出五點特徵：1.簡化純粹幾何造形，極簡主義的圖形設計是以最簡單與最少的元素創造最大效果，形式簡單，簡化至最低限度，少即多。2.畫面留白簡單純淨，極簡主義的留白，是不可少的元素之一，運用足夠空間可營造畫面所傳遞的消息，並在設計中形成視覺焦點。3.極少色彩，單純原色，對於畫面整體設計有簡潔感。4.文字的字體選擇高度易於閱讀，以簡單的無襯線字體為主，字體通常也能用作主要的圖形元素。5.理性客觀情緒抽離，極簡主義在尋找事物的本質，作品減低創作者自身的情感表達朝單純、理性邏輯發展。本研究創作結論，以極簡主義設計的理念，應用插畫的表現方式，呈現二十四節氣蔬果題材海報創作，二十四張海報在創作上版面設計的插畫圖形和文字以統一編排方式，留白空間相似、色彩調和、蔬果造形簡化，在視覺上整體性是一致的，海報視覺上給予觀賞者有清新、純淨、平衡的感受，希冀透過極簡主義設計與結合不同的傳統題材，在視覺上更符合現代設計感，使人們關注更多有關傳統文化的延續。The designs of minimalism nowadays have imperceptibly influenced viewpoints, perceptions, and changes of values happening in our everyday life. This research explores the design concepts of minimalism and combines illustrations created under the theme featuring fruits and vegetables corresponding to the Twenty-four Solar Terms. The research motivation of this study originates from the simple lifestyle of the ancient farmers, which is to rise and rest with the sun and shares great similarities with minimalism. Integrating the design approach of western minimalism and the fruits and vegetables that correspond to the Twenty-four Solar Terms, visual designs were used to present simplicity, pureness, and fruits and vegetables conforming to the Twenty-four Solar Terms.In this study, discussions on the historical development context of art behind minimalism and its meanings and connotations through document analyses indicated understand that there are similarities and differences with minimalist design concepts. The KJ research method was applied to carry out data collection and inductive analysis, collecting cases of posters created with minimalist design approaches. The 108 cases used in this study came from posters published on the official website of Alliance Graphique Internationale between 2000 and 2020. This research has concluded five applicable creative approaches for designing poster illustrations. The conclusions are: (1). Simple and pure geometrical patterns: graphic designs in minimalism apply the simplest and fewest elements to create the maximum effects where simple approaches ── simplified to the greatest extent ── achieve the effect of"less is more". (2). Blank space for simplicity and pureness: leaving blanks is an indispensable element in minimalism. Sufficient space can construct information the image intends to deliver and forms a visual focus in the designs. (3). Simple colors: colors used are streamlined to give the overall image designs a sense of cleanness. (4). Fonts with ultra-high readability: simple Sans-serif fonts are the core and can usually serve as the main graphic elements. (5). Rationality, objectiveness, and detached emotions: minimalism looks for the intrinsic nature of things. The related work eliminates the emotions expressed by the creators, focusing on pure, rational, and logical creations.The conclusion of this study is featuring the design concepts of minimalism with the expression methods of illustrations to present posters created under the theme of the Twenty-four Solar Terms. The 24 posters resulting from this study have the same layouts regarding their illustrations, fonts, and texts, giving the artwork similar blanks, color tone, simplified outlines of the fruits and vegetables, creating an integral visual presentation. The visual design of the posters brings freshness, pureness, and balance to the viewers. This study hopes a visually more modern design approach achieved by combining minimalist designs with different traditional subjects can increase people's attention to the continuation of traditional culture.