成人正向學習特質量表編製之研究－以行政院農業委員會公務員為研究對象

Abstract

成人學習者特性的研究，雖已廣泛地運用心理學上特質論或個別差異的觀點，但品格與成人學習歷程的密切關聯，卻一直未受到注意。本研究從成人學習者特性與正向心理學品格優勢研究取向建構成人正向學習特質概念，並據以編製一份具有信度、效度的量表，瞭解這些特質在學習歷程上與學習參與、態度與行動的關係。 依循量表發展的方法與程序，本研究獲得一份使用六點量尺、包含四十四個題項，能測量自我調控、堅持、對學習懷抱希望、對知識的好奇、好學、學習上的創造力、批判性思考、知識分享與學習上的團隊精神等九種成人正向學習特質的量表。經以行政院農業委員會公務員樣本進行施測後確認了本量表具有良好的內在一致性及重測信度；觀察資料能適配於本量表由三個初階因素所建構的模型；本量表具有輻合、區辨、預測與建構效度；年齡、職務特性與教育程度在本量表「自我取向」的正向學習特質自評分數上的相關與差異具有重要意義；本研究將成人學習者特性的研究範疇，由自我導向的學習情境延伸到組織學習情境；三種學習美德中，「承擔學習的社會責任」為觀察樣本自評為本身擁有最佳的學習美德。 本研究對於探索成人學習者在自我及組織層次的學習優勢，提供一份具有信度與效度的工具。後續可就此類特質的培養策略、常模建立、與學習或工作表現的關係，跨文化或跨樣本效度等層面進行持續研究。This study purpose was to construct a concept about adult positive learning traits (APLT) from character strengths in positive psychology and characteristics of adult learner, and developed a scale with reliability and validity to measure it.According to the procedures of scale development, APLT scale (APLTs) was well-established which finally contained 44-item with likert 6-point measurement type and could measure three learning virtues－conscientiousness to individual learning(CIL), pursuing knowledge(PK), and taking social responsibilities in learning(TSR) ,nine positive learning traits included. APLTs tested by samples from civil servants of Council of Agriculture, which had a good internal consistence and test-retest reliability; the 3-first-order-factor model in APLTs fitted to observed samples; predictive validity and construct validity of this scale was confirmed; age, attributes of task, educational level responsed on correlated and difference CIL and PK scored had important meanings; this study allowed the research of characteristics of adult learner to extense to organization learning context; TSR was the best owed in the three learning virtues observed samples evaluated. Those issues about how closely related existed between APLT and leaning participation, learning action or job performance, and the validity of this scale in cross-cultural situations or cross-samples, and how to cultivate APLT and develop referenced norm database were recommended for further researches.