台南縣某高中學生蔬果攝取行為

Abstract

本研究目的在了解高中學生蔬果攝取行為現況，並探討個人背景因素、社會心理因素、社會環境因素與蔬果攝取行為之間的關係。以台南縣ㄧ所高中學生為研究對象，於民國98年4月進行正式問卷調查，共得有效樣本328人，其研究發現歸納如下: ㄧ、近五成的研究對象有每天攝取三份蔬菜，近三成的研究對象有每天攝取 二份的水果。 二、研究對象的自覺健康狀況愈好，其蔬果攝取行為愈佳。 三、研究對象之蔬果的喜好、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取社會支持、蔬果可獲性、蔬果可近性及蔬果攝取角色模範皆與蔬果攝取行為間呈現正相關；蔬果攝取知覺障礙與蔬果攝取行為間呈現負相關。 四、自覺健康狀況、蔬果的喜好、蔬果攝取自我效能、蔬果攝取結果期望、蔬果攝取知覺障礙、蔬果攝取社會支持、蔬果可獲性、蔬果可近性及蔬果攝取角色模範等變項，共可解釋研究對象之蔬果攝取行為46.5％的變異量（Adj R=0.465，F=23.596，p<.001）。其中以蔬果攝取自我效能對蔬果攝取行為的影響力最大。 上述研究結果可作為教育當局發展相關介入之參考。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current fruit and vegetable intake behavior of senior high school students, and to inquire personal background factors, social psychology factors and social environment factors in relationship with fruit and vegetable intake behavior. The subjects are student of a senior high school in Tainan County. In Apr 2009, The instrument of this study is a questionnaire, and the valid samples are 328. The findings are as follows: 1. About 50% of subjects consume 3 portions of vegetable a day. About 30% of subjects consume 2 portions of fruit a day. 2. Subjects who perceive their health status to be better are more likely to eat fruit and vegetable. 3. Fruit and vegetable intake behavior was positively correlated with Preferences, Self-efficacy, Outcome expectancy, Social support, Availability, Accessibility and Role modeling, then negatively correlated with Perceived barriers. 4. Variables, including the perceived health status, the preference of fruit and vegetable, the self-efficacy, the outcome expectancy, the perceived barriers, the social support, the availability, accessibility and role modeling, can totally explain 46.5％of the variation of subjects’ fruit and vegetable intake behavior.（Adj R=0.465，F=23.596，p<.001）Among those variables, the self-efficacy is the most influential factor.

Implication for use of the findings by educator in developing relevant interventions are discussed.