中低社經家庭幼兒敘說評價研究

Abstract

本研究目的在瞭解不同性別的幼兒在不同敘說類型中所使用的評價語言。以來自中低社經家庭的39位五足歲幼兒為研究對象，女生19人、男生20人。蒐集幼兒敘說生活經驗以及重述無字圖畫書的語料，並以兒童語料交換系統(Child Language Exchange System, CHILDES)進行轉譯分析，再以13項敘說評價進行編碼。 本研究發現如下：（一）幼兒重述無字圖畫書比敘說生活經驗使用更多的評價。（二）幼兒在重述無字圖畫書時，使用較多的「數量詞」、「感官語詞」、「引述」、「聲音效果」；敘說生活經驗則使用較多「不需要的語詞」。（三）男女幼兒在兩項敘說類型中所使用的評價語言無顯著差異。The goal of this study was to examine how 5-year-old children of different genders used evaluative language in two types of narratives (i.e. personal experience and wordless picture book). Thirty-nine Taiwanese children of low socioeconomic families participated in the study (19 girls and 20 boys). Children were interviewed individually. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were prepared and analyzed according to the rules of Child Language Exchange System (CHILDES). Thirteen categories of evaluative language were developed to code the transcripts.

The results were as follows. First, children used more evaluative language in retelling wordless picture book than in narrating personal experience. Second, children used significantly more quantifiers, sound effect terms, reported speech, and sensory perception terms in story-telling task. In narrating personal experiences, children applied significantly more gratuitous terms. Finally, no gender effects in both two narrative types were found to be significant.