異國他鄉找歸屬-新住民女性的公民身分認同與公民權行使之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討新住民的公民身分認同與公民權行使之情形，藉由瞭解影響新住民女性選擇是否歸化之因素，以及新住民歸化時所遇之困境及期望，發展對新住民更友善的歸化政策與社會環境；其次是探討新住民女性的公民身分認同之形塑與體現歷程，反思我國的多元族群共融發展情形；同時瞭解新住民女性的公民權行使情形與過去是否存在不同面貌。本研究採質性研究方法的深度訪談法進行，以半結構式訪談及滾雪球抽樣方式進行，共訪談七位新住民女性，針對訪談內容進行統整分析，歸納出以下結論：一、擔心將來與丈夫離婚或配偶過世後，無法留在台灣照顧子女，為新住民女性選擇歸化的主要動力。二、不願放棄母國國籍為新住民女性選擇不歸化之主要因素。三、新住民女性申請歸化時，所遇困境為需提供財力證明，以及在歸化申請前先放棄母國國籍。四、新住民女性透過社會參與，同時建立社交網絡，也能強化對台認同。五、新住民女性的公民身分認同體現於肯認我國的社會價值觀與文化。六、在台灣的自我實現經歷，有助於提升新住民女性的公民身分認同。七、社會中的刻板印象或偏見，是新住民女性建立認同的重要阻礙。八、公民權行使行為與過去相比，逐漸趨向多元化。九、受母國政治體制影響，越南新住民女性參與政治意願較消極。十、新住民意見領袖在群體中具有重要影響力。

This study aims to explore the sense of citizen identity and the exercise of citizenship of female immigrants. By understanding the factors influencing whether female immigrants choose to naturalize, as well as the difficulties and expectations they face during naturalization, the study seeks to develop more friendly naturalization policies and social environments for female immigrantss. Secondly, it investigates the shaping and manifestation process of female immigrants sense of citizen identity, reflecting on the development of multicultural integration in Taiwan. At the same time, it examines the current state of female immigrants exercise of citizenship and whether it differs from the past.This study adopts a qualitative research method with in-depth interview, using semi-structured interview and snowball sampling. Seven female immigrants were interviewed, and the interview content was integrated and analyzed, leading to the following conclusions:1. Concern about not being able to stay in Taiwan to take care of their children in the event of divorce or the death of their spouse is the main motivation for female immigrants to choose naturalization.2. The unwillingness to give up their original nationality is the main factor for female immigrants choosing not to naturalize.3. The difficulties encountered by female immigrants when applying for naturalization include the need to provide proof of financial resources and the requirement to renounce their original nationality before applying for naturalization.4. Female immigrants strengthen their identification with Taiwan through social participation and the establishment of social networks.5. Female immigrants sense of citizen identity is manifested in their acceptance of Taiwan's social values and culture. 6. Experiences of self-realization in Taiwan help enhance female immigrants female sense of citizen identity. 7. Stereotypes in society are significant obstacles for female immigrants in establishing their identity. 8. The behavior of exercising citizenship is gradually diversifying compared to the past. 9. Influenced by their home country's political system, Vietnamese female immigrants tend to be less willing to participate in politics. 10. Opinion leader among female immigrantss play an important role within their communities.