析論現代性與後現代性下學校文化變革之價值危機與出路

Abstract

價值乃學校文化變革的核心，價值的決定攸關學校文化變革的發展。有鑑於此，本文採取哲學思考的方法，分析現代性與後現代性學校文化變革的價值危機現象，並探究其中可能之出路。本文首先探究現代性之脈絡及在現代性下學校文化變革的價值危機，包括偏頗工具性價值、人性異化以及去自我等危機。另外探討後現代性之脈絡及在後現代性下學校文化變革的價值危機，包括否定基礎價值、倫理價值之消費化、客觀化價值規準的喪失。基於現代性與後現代性學校文化變革的價值危機現象，本文提出學校社群理性取向之論述建構活動，作為學校文化變革之出路，主張將多元價值置於學校社群理性之中，透過價值的論述建構活動，確保教育本身自有的主體性價值，讓多元價值的正向發展為學校文化變革帶來新的契機。

This article analyzes the modern/postmodern crisis in values faced by school cultural reformation and seeks a solution. This value crisis involves, in the context of modernity, the problems of human alienation, bias due to instrumental values, and self- effacement, and, in the context of postmodernity, the flattening out of ethical values by consumerism, negation of fundamental values, and exclusion of objective value standards. Based on his analysis of this value crisis, the author suggests a solution: the discourse construction of a given school community's rationality and a new openness to multiple values may be able to overcome the value crisis faced by the reformation of school cultures.