逆風高飛-高學業成就勞工階級子女之學習歷程

Abstract

先行研究證實勞工階級子女不論在經濟、文化或是社會資本等各個面向上皆有所缺乏與不利，其生長的環境與條件相較一般同儕而言有著諸多限制。然而，在校園或社會中，我們仍不乏可以看到許多表現突出、有著高學業成就的勞工階級子女；不禁令人好奇，他們在多重限制與不利下仍能有著優異表現的原因。本研究旨在探究勞工階級子女學業表現優異背後的成因與脈絡，透過對現今在學、有著高學業成就表現之勞工階級大學生做為研究個案進行深度訪談，試圖剖析、整理出這些勞工階級子女為何能夠有著高學業成就、進而增加向上代間流動的可能。透過長達一年餘的訪談與追蹤，本研究發現：家庭與重要他人等外部面向的協助與支持，以及個體自身能動性的展現是這些生長背景居於劣勢的勞工子女學習仍不落人後的重要因素；認同並尋求向上流動是他們家庭教養實作呈現的一致樣貌，雖然家庭資本有限，但仍重點投注於學習並給予最大協助；來自家庭與社會的支持是個體能動性生成的重要力量，而個體能動性是推使這些勞工子女持續邁步向前的重要關鍵。In previous years, many studies have confirmed that the working class children are lack of economic, cultural or social capital and other resources. Compared to their peers, their low SES backgrounds and living conditions exist a lot of restrictions and disadvantages. However, in school and society, we can still find many outstanding working class children, and the facts aspire us to ask why they can excel on their studies even though they are in less advantaged conditions. This study aims to explore the causes and context behind the outstanding performance of these working class children. What kind of the learning support they can get from their families? What kinds of factors influence on these working class children in pursuit of excellent academic performance, which in turns increases the possibility of flowing upwards between generatoins? Through nearly one and a half year of interviews and tracking, this study summarized the following conclusions: the external assistance and support of the family and significant others, as well as the display of the individual's own agency, were important factors for the children of laborers who grew in challenging background. Seeking approving and upward mobility are the consistent appearance of their family up bringing practices. Although their family capital is limited, they still focused on learning and maximized assistance. Support from the family and society is an important force for the generation of individual activism, and individual dynamism is one of the key factors to push the children of laborers to continue to move forward.