問題導向學習的學習動機與成效之相關研究

Abstract

問題導向學習以「學生為中心」之教學，亦是教育部高等教育深耕計畫推動的重點項目之一。本研究旨在探討問題導向學習的學習動機與成效之差異相關情形，採用問卷調查法進行資料收集。研究對象為雙北技專校院修習問題導向學習之學生，有效問卷483份。研究工具SPSS 23與EXCEL統計分析進行構面與假設分析。本研究自變項設為學校、類別、性別、年齡、年級、居住地、身分來源、打工經驗、社團經驗、參與競賽經驗、取得專業證照經驗。依參考相關文獻，將學習成效分為五構面，問題解決、後設認知、團隊合作、創意思考、溝通協調，學習動機分為三構面，內在動機、外在動機、自我效能。研究結果發現： 一、問題導向學習的學習動機中，「學校」在自我效能層面具顯著；「打工經驗」、「社團經驗」、「參與競賽經驗」具有顯著影響。 二、問題導向學習的學習成效中，「性別」在問題解決及溝通協調層面具顯著；「社團經驗」在溝通協調層面具顯著；「參與競賽經驗」在創意思考層面具顯著；「取得專業證照經驗」在於問題解決層面具顯著性。 三、問題導向學習的學習動機與成效具有正相關。

Problem-based learning, related to the "student-centered" teaching, is one of the key points promoted by the Ministry of Education's Higher Education Intensive Project Plan. The purpose of this study is to explore the relevant situation of the difference between learning motivation and effectiveness of problem-based learning, using questionnaire survey to collect data. The research object is the students of technical college in Shuangbei area taking problem-based learning courses, with 483 valid questionnaires in total. Research tools SPSS 23 and EXCEL are used for statistical analysis and for facet and hypothesis analysis. The independent variables of this study are set to school, category, gender, age, grade, residence, source of identity, working experience, experience in associations, experience in participating in competitions, and experience in obtaining professional licenses. According to the relevant literature, the learning effectiveness is divided into five aspects, problem solving, metacognition, teamwork, creative thinking, communication and coordination, and the learning motivation is divided into three aspects: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and self-efficacy. The results of this study are: 1. Among the learning motivations of Problem-based learning, "school" is notable at the level of self-efficacy; "working experience", "experience in associations", and "experience in participating in competitions" have a significant impact. 2. In the learning effectiveness of problem-based learning, "gender" is prominent at the problem solving and communication coordination level; "experience in associations" is notable at the communication coordination level; "experience in participating in competitions" is prominent at the creative thinking level; "experience in obtaining professional licenses" is prominent at the problem-solving level. 3. The learning motivation and effectiveness of problem-based learning are highly and positively correlated.