越南籍新住民華語文學習歷程之分析

Abstract

本研究採用「優勢觀點」，以欣賞、鼓勵的觀點去激勵弱勢個體發現自 身的優勢、潛能並以之提升與環境抗爭的能力。使用文獻分析法、深度訪 談法、語料分析法和歸納法，透過立意取樣之滾雪球抽樣方式找到十三位 越南籍新住民，再從與相關新住民生命歷程有關聯的國中補校、越南籍新 住民華文教師或家教中分別邀請兩位和五位志願者組成兩組諮詢小組作為 本研究之顧問，以彌補筆者在補校教學、越南語、越南華文教育方面的不 足。需要強調的是，在研究對象的選取上因應社會工作者藍佩嘉提及的外 籍移工轉變為臺灣女主人的社會現象，以及顧玉珍、顧玉玲對於在臺越南 籍移工的長期關注，將在臺資深越南籍移工納入越南籍新住民類屬中。

配合本研究目的，本研究的結論為：越南籍新住民的華語文學習瓶頸 除了筆者重點論述的華文語音偏誤之外，在詞彙與句法、語序上的偏誤， 來於母語負遷移、臺式華文影響、粵語影響，華文三大句式方面。筆者對 其中涉及人數多、發生頻率高的偏誤現象提出糾謬技巧或建議，希望幫助 學習者做到即學即用。並將研究結果提供給需要相關教學者與學習者做為 日常規範相關偏誤的參考依據。

This research adopts the" Strengths Perspective " to encourage disadvantaged individuals, from a perspective of appreciation and encouragement, to discover their own strengths and potential and use it to enhance their ability to overcome their environment. This research also utilizes document analysis, in-depth interviews, corpus analysis and inductive analysis approaches. Through snowball method of intentional sampling 13 new Vietnamese immigrants were found. Additionally, to make up for the author’s inexperience in supplementary schools teaching, the Vietnamese language and Chinese teaching in Vietnam, two and five volunteers respectively who are connected to the life experiences of the new residents were invited to form two groups as consultants for this study, the former drawn from junior high school supplementary schools and the latter drawn from Vietnamese new residents who arethe Chinese teachers or tutors.

The conclusion of this study is that the Chinese language learning bottlenecks of the new Vietnamese residents, both the Chinese phonetic errors that the author focuses on, and the errors in vocabulary, syntax, and word order, come from the negative transfer of the mother tongue, the influence of Taiwanese Chinese, the influence of Cantonese and the three major sentence patterns of Chinese. The author puts forward corrective techniques or suggestions for typical errors made by a large number of learners, hoping to help learners as they study, and to we provide the research results to relevant teachers and learners as a reference for errors in daily use.