研讀近二十年來（1991-2011）明清時期婦女紡織研究札記
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2017-06-??
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國立臺灣師範大學歷史學系
National Taiwan Normal University Department of History
National Taiwan Normal University Department of History
Abstract
本文乃筆者研讀近二十年來（1991-2011）歷史學界關於明清婦女紡織研究之札記，並按照研究者關注的重心，分成經濟及社會文化兩大層面予以評介。在經濟層面，研究者多半依循傳統中國小農家庭「男耕女織」的基本分工模式，集中分析她們在生產結構上所扮演的角色以及婦女參與紡織對勞動生產率的影響。在社會文化層面，則開創了新的思考方向，不專注經濟價值的表面，而是嘗試探討女性紡織的道德及文化意義，正視婦女勞動的特殊性，以及其背後的社會文化脈絡。藉由本文的初步梳理，可看出明清時期婦女紡織研究已逐漸轉向「性別」的視角，開始強調「兩性」以至「性別」之間的互動；此外，筆者以為地域差異、階級意識、技術品質、時代限制應可成為日後學界在此一課題上值得深入探究的幾個重點。
This essay is a reading note on the historical studies of women spinning and weaving in late Imperial China (during the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties) from 1991 to 2011. It intends to introduce and review these studies on the level of economy and the level of socio-culture according to the focus of researchers. On the level of economy, the studies analyzed the role of women in the industrial structure, which were based on ‘man plows, women weaves,’ the basic pattern of division of work in traditional China. On the other hand, on the level of socio-culture, the researchers created a new direction of methodology that attempt to discuss the moral and cultural meaning of women weaving and the sociocultural context behind the peculiarity of women in the labor force, instead of focusing on economic value. According to the initial analysis of this essay, the perspective of the studies of women weaving during the Ming-Qing period has started to emphasized on the subject of gender. In addition to this, the author considers that the distinctions between regions, class consciousness, the quality of technique and the limitation of era should be the focus of this subject in the future.
This essay is a reading note on the historical studies of women spinning and weaving in late Imperial China (during the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties) from 1991 to 2011. It intends to introduce and review these studies on the level of economy and the level of socio-culture according to the focus of researchers. On the level of economy, the studies analyzed the role of women in the industrial structure, which were based on ‘man plows, women weaves,’ the basic pattern of division of work in traditional China. On the other hand, on the level of socio-culture, the researchers created a new direction of methodology that attempt to discuss the moral and cultural meaning of women weaving and the sociocultural context behind the peculiarity of women in the labor force, instead of focusing on economic value. According to the initial analysis of this essay, the perspective of the studies of women weaving during the Ming-Qing period has started to emphasized on the subject of gender. In addition to this, the author considers that the distinctions between regions, class consciousness, the quality of technique and the limitation of era should be the focus of this subject in the future.