遠離直線條：高教異男實驗性陽剛氣質的體現過程

Abstract

本研究以變遷中的陽剛氣質為命題，探討高教異性戀男性為何及如何遠離傳統霸權陽剛氣質，並指出他們如何探索與體現本研究稱為實驗性陽剛氣質的性別化主體，同時討論這樣的性別實踐又是否能呼應性別平權的訴求。研究者首先梳理了這些異性戀男性的性別化歷程。研究者發現傳統霸權陽剛典範的意識形態總是無法徹底掌握這些男性的生命走向，因他們在成長過程中對其所產生的異議一直沒有被抹滅，而後在性別平權暨女性主義論述的引導下，這些男性逐漸能夠抵抗這套霸權典範，得以發展另類的陽剛敘事。另外，研究者也發現女性對這些男性的認同形構佔有舉足輕重的分量，與女性形成之友誼更成為他們自我定位的核心指標之一。

接著，研究者採借體現地理學和情動理論的取徑，以這些男性的身體為分析焦點，指出這些男性透過遠離傳統陽剛封閉剛硬的體現特性、跨越二元的性別美感秩序和展現可男可女的社交樣態，形塑出了屬於他們的實驗性陽剛主體輪廓。又這些男性希望藉由這樣的體現實踐營造柔和、開放、有彈性和留心於社交氛圍的身體主體，以期在構築欲求的性別化自我之時，亦能準備好適應未來瞬息萬變的社會局勢。

就性別平權的實踐層面，這些男性的確展現了相當的進步意識，然他們的某些思維和行動仍舊產生鞏固父權性別秩序、性別刻板印象和異性戀男性霸權的效果，但本研究認為這些男性在尋找共鳴和建構認同的過程中的確很難完全不仰賴異性戀常規的邏輯。不過，本研究也指出這些男性或許有機會成為性別平權理念與身旁其他男性之間的溝通橋樑。In this study, I center on the theme of"changes in masculinity" in critical studies on men and masculinities, inquiring why and how college-educated young heterosexual men explore and embody experimental masculinities while distancing themselves from traditional hegemonic masculinity. In addition, I also examine whether such experimental masculinities bring forth the effect of gender equality.

Firstly, by scrutinizing these men's biographies, I discover that the ideology of traditional hegemonic masculinity never gained total control of their lives, and their dissidence toward it was able to endure into their early adulthood. Eventually, guided by the discourses of gender equality and feminism, these men gradually make their way to resist hegemonic masculinity and develop their own alternative masculine narratives. Besides, I also find that women play an important role in these men's identity configuration. They consider female companionship one of the core factors which establish their personal significance.

Secondly, following embodied geographies and affect theories, which put corporeal and sensual bodies at center stage, I point out the embodied practices these men undertake that define their experimental masculinities. These include distancing from the embodied characteristics of impermeability and hard-bodiedness which suffuse traditional masculinity, unsettling the binary gender aesthetic order, and fluidly switching mannerisms between genders when interacting with male or female social groups. Through such embodied practices, these men seek to become an embodied subject that is soft, open, flexible, and attentive to the atmospheres within interpersonal interactions. By doing so, they hope that they are able to pursue an ideal gendered self while at the same time prepare themselves for the uncertainty of the future and the ever-changing society.In terms of gender quality, these men indeed possess progressive gender consciousness; however, their thoughts and behaviors do occasionally produce the effect that fortify patriarchal gender order, gender stereotypes, as well as the hegemonic status of heterosexual men. This reflects the difficulty of identity-making without being influenced by heteronormativity. Still, I argue that these men would have the potential to serve as a communication bridge between the ideas of gender equality andthe men around them.