英國國家劇院現場的全球傳播：台灣觀眾的文化消費與實踐

Abstract

英國國家劇院(Royal National Theatre)自推出英國國家劇院現場（NT Live）後，已成為劇場數位轉播重要的代表性品牌，將舞台劇利用衛星技術，在全球的電影院轉播，讓數位播映的觀看受眾擴及全球，而在新冠疫情(Covid-19)出現後將NT at Home以線上串流的形式推出。本研究以NT Live作為探討劇場跨國文化傳播之對象，從英國文化政策的生產影響層面、數位媒介的傳播中介層面，以及文化觀眾的參與和消費等三個部分進行。本研究方法以文獻資料分析，蒐集英國官方部門、英國國家劇院和線上雜誌媒體的相關報導為主要資料來源，同時也使用田野調查法，以及透過線上視訊的方式，與20位台灣觀眾進行個別的深度訪談。研究的三個重點面向，分別為英國文創及數位政策的發展與推動，如何從政策面影響對外的文化輸出，以及文化全球化的傳播中，實體空間和線上平台如何影響戲劇的傳散和接收。最後是透過文化資本及品味建構理論，分析文化消費者的品味建構過程和偏好的影響，和接收NT Live海外傳播產生的文化差異和影響。

The Royal National Theatre of UK has become an important representative brand of theatre broadcasting since the launch of NT Live, applying satellite technology to broadcast theatre plays in cinemas around the world. The digital broadcasting has expanded the number of audiences around the world, and it has also launched the online streaming of NT at Home in time of COVID-19. This research takes NT Live as the object to explore the transnational cultural communication of theatre, and is carried out in three parts: British cultural policy at the production level, digital media as the intermediary level of communication, and the cultural audience’s participation and consumption.The method of this research is based on a literature review, and the sources include a collection of relevant reports from the British official department, the Royal National Theatre and the online magazine media asthe main data. Also, it uses the field survey method and conducts individual, in-depth interviews with 20 Taiwanese audiences through online video. The three key aspects of the research are: first, the development and promotion of British cultural, creative, and digital policies; and how to influence external cultural output from the policy aspect. Second, how physical space and online platforms affect the dissemination and reception of drama in the broadcasting of cultural globalization. Finally, based on the theory of cultural capital and taste construction, it analyzes the influence of the process and preferences of cultural consumers' taste construction and the cultural differences and influences produced by NT Live’s broadcast overseas.