國中生活科技操作技能學習評量工具之發展與應用

Abstract

自108課綱實施至今，生活科技課程已落實於國高中教育，而實作在科技教育更是非常重要且必要的一環。然而，對於生活科技實作中關於操作技能的評量方式，雖有許多專家建議，卻較少有實際評量工具可以參考與使用，故本研究旨在發展一份「國中生活科技操作技能學習評量工具」，據此瞭解學生在生活科技實作活動中的操作技能表現。為了達到前述研究目的，本研究參考邱皓政（2006）所提出的評量工具發展流程，並針對雙北地區國民中學八至九年級學生進行立意取樣抽取研究樣本，有效樣本共359份。本研究使用難度與鑑別度分析、探索性與驗證性因素分析、獨立樣本t檢定等方法檢驗研究數據，結果顯示：(1) 本研究發展的國中生活科技操作技能學習評量工具，具有適當的信效度；(2) 國中生在操作技能學習評量工具的結果分析顯示，操作機具的速度快慢與技術面向的表現沒有顯著差異；(3) 不同性別國中生在國中生活科技操作技能概念性知識、態度、技術等面向的表現有差異，顯示教師在進行機具教學活動設計與實作活動分組時，可將性別納入考量；(4) 不同年級國中生在國中生活科技操作技能的表現相近，顯示本研究之學習評量工具適用於各年級。

Since the implementation of the 2019 Curriculum Guidelines, the Living Technology course has been integrated into junior and senior high school education, while practical implementation in technology education is both crucial and necessary. However, despite many expert recommendations on the assessment methods for hands-on skills in Living Technology, there are few practical assessment tools available for reference and use. Therefore, this study aims to develop a"Junior High School Living Technology Hands-on Skills Learning Assessment Tool" to understand students' performance in hands-on activities in Living Technology. To achieve the aforementioned research objectives, this study refers to the assessment tool development process proposed by Chiu Hao-Cheng (2006) and conducts purposive sampling of eighth and ninth-grade students from junior high schools in the Taipei and New Taipei areas, with a total of 359 valid samples. This study uses difficulty anddiscrimination analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and independent sample t-tests to examine the research data. The results show that: (1) The Junior High School Living Technology Hands-on Skills Learning Assessment Tool developed in this study has appropriate reliability and validity. (2) The analysis of junior high school students' performance in hands-on skills using the assessment tool indicates that the speed of machine operation does not affect the performance of hands-on skills. (3) There are differences in the performance of conceptual knowledge, usage attitude, and hands-on skills in Living Technology between male and female junior high school students, suggesting that teachers can consider gender when designing machine teaching activities and grouping for practical activities. (4) The performance of hands-on skills in Living Technology is similar across different grades, indicating that the learning assessment tool developed in this study is applicable to all grades.