幼兒色彩偏好與情緒調節策略之研究
Abstract
本研究旨在瞭解幼兒色彩偏好、情緒調節策略的狀況，以及探究兩者之間的關係，並檢驗背景因素中的年齡、性別與幼兒色彩偏好及情緒調節策略的差異情形。本研究以327位來自台北市五所公立幼稚園之四至六歲幼兒為研究對象，共發出526份問卷，有效問卷共327份，回收率為62.2%。使用日本色研表色系統（P.C.C.S）的色票卡，選取紅、橙、黃、綠、藍、紫、黑、灰、白共九色，及家長填寫的幼兒情緒發展量表為研究工具，該量表包含奮力控制與幼兒情緒調節策略兩項量表。研究者在取得父母同意並填寫情緒發展量表後，至園所與受試幼兒進行一對一訪談，測試並記錄幼兒的色彩偏好選擇，藉此瞭解受試幼兒的色彩偏好狀況，並分析其與情緒調節策略間的關聯。本研究結果發現如下：（一）受試幼兒偏好有彩色（佔92.7%），其中喜歡紅色者最多（佔31.8%）。色彩偏好無年齡差異，但男生喜歡藍色、寒色系，女生喜歡紅色、暖色系；（二）受試幼兒較常使用尋求照顧者策略。策略的使用無年齡差異，但在攻擊策略中，男生使用的頻率高於女生，在尋求照顧者、發洩安撫、認知引導等策略中，女生使用的頻率高於男生；（三）受試幼兒偏好橙色、黃色者較常使用攻擊策略，偏好橙色、綠色者較常使用語言表達策略；（四）小班幼兒偏好橙色者較常使用攻擊策略，大班幼兒偏好橙色者較常使用語言表達策略；（五）女生偏好橙色、黃色者較常使用攻擊策略，而偏好紅、綠、藍色者愈少使用攻擊策略。針對本研究結果，建議未來研究可以增加不同年齡層的幼兒及以觀察或訪談的方法，進一步探討色彩偏好與情緒調節策略的關係。
The purposes of this study were to understand the current status of young children’s color preference, emotional regulation strategies, and to explore the relationship between the two, and to examine the background factors of age, sex in color preference and emotional regulation strategies. In this study, 327 participants were age 4-6 from five public kindergartens in Taipei city. A total of 526 questionnaires were sent, and 327 valid questionnaires response rate was 62.2%. Instruments used in the study include nine color cards of Japanese practical color coordinate system (P.C.C.S) : red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, black, medium gray, white and young children’s emotional development of questionnaires were filled by the parents. The questionnaires consist of effortful control scale and young children’s emotional regulation strategy scale. After obtaining parental consent and the filled questionnaire, researcher went to kindergarten to test young children's color preference through one-on-one interviews. The main findings of the study are as follows: (1) For all subjects, young children have chromatic color preference (accounting for 92.7%), which like red for a maximum (31.8%). No age difference in color preference, but boys like blue, cold color, girls like red, warm color. (2) Young children most frequently use emotional regulation strategy is “parent searching”. No age significant difference in using emotional regulation strategies was found, but in “attack” strategy, boys use more often than girls. On the contrary, girls use more often than boys in “parent searching”, “venting and pacifying”, “cognitive guidance” strategies. (3) Young children with orange and yellow color preference more frequently use “attack” strategy, and who with orange and green color preference more frequently use “language expression” strategy. (4) Four-year-olds with orange color preference more frequently use “attack” strategy, and five-year-olds with orange color preference more frequently use “language expression” strategy. (5) Girls with orange and yellow color preference more frequently use “attack” strategy, however, those with red, green and blue color preference use less. This study suggested that future research can examine different ages of children by using the ways of observation or interview to further explore the relationships between color preference and emotional regulation strategies.
The purposes of this study were to understand the current status of young children’s color preference, emotional regulation strategies, and to explore the relationship between the two, and to examine the background factors of age, sex in color preference and emotional regulation strategies. In this study, 327 participants were age 4-6 from five public kindergartens in Taipei city. A total of 526 questionnaires were sent, and 327 valid questionnaires response rate was 62.2%. Instruments used in the study include nine color cards of Japanese practical color coordinate system (P.C.C.S) : red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, black, medium gray, white and young children’s emotional development of questionnaires were filled by the parents. The questionnaires consist of effortful control scale and young children’s emotional regulation strategy scale. After obtaining parental consent and the filled questionnaire, researcher went to kindergarten to test young children's color preference through one-on-one interviews. The main findings of the study are as follows: (1) For all subjects, young children have chromatic color preference (accounting for 92.7%), which like red for a maximum (31.8%). No age difference in color preference, but boys like blue, cold color, girls like red, warm color. (2) Young children most frequently use emotional regulation strategy is “parent searching”. No age significant difference in using emotional regulation strategies was found, but in “attack” strategy, boys use more often than girls. On the contrary, girls use more often than boys in “parent searching”, “venting and pacifying”, “cognitive guidance” strategies. (3) Young children with orange and yellow color preference more frequently use “attack” strategy, and who with orange and green color preference more frequently use “language expression” strategy. (4) Four-year-olds with orange color preference more frequently use “attack” strategy, and five-year-olds with orange color preference more frequently use “language expression” strategy. (5) Girls with orange and yellow color preference more frequently use “attack” strategy, however, those with red, green and blue color preference use less. This study suggested that future research can examine different ages of children by using the ways of observation or interview to further explore the relationships between color preference and emotional regulation strategies.
Description
Keywords
幼兒, 色彩偏好, 情緒調節策略, color preference, emotional regulation strategies, young children