創新多迴路混合電力散熱系統動態模擬與實驗平台驗證

Abstract

本研究旨在開發一種新型智能混合能源載具熱管理系統，將傳統內 燃機車輛節溫器設計，納入新型能源車輛系統溫度控制應用，使系統溫度 更加穩定、提升續航力。以質子交換膜燃料電池/鋰電池混合動力總成應 用於電動載具。以 Matlab / Simulink 軟體模擬熱動態方程式並完成規則 庫( Rule Base, RB)模擬及實驗。並使用工業電腦即時(Real-Time)完成了用 於熱管理控制系統的計算，以驗證實驗可行性。對於系統動力學，以動態 方程式建立電動載具動力總成的子系統以及熱力系統。對於雙能源的熱 力學，我們建立了 PEMFC 和鋰電池的性能分析與廢熱動態，建立了模組 化系統、冷卻液管道溫度一階動態，其中關鍵散熱部件包含：比例閥、熱 交換器、冷卻風扇和冷卻液泵。以 RB 控制策略於智能綜合熱源管理控制 單元（Thermal Management Control Unit, TMCU）進行電壓輸出控制方案。 其控制策略目標為優化兩個電池系統工作溫度，減少實際工作溫度與目 標工作溫度之溫差。此系統為兩輸入五輸出，輸入為鋰電池及燃料電池工 作溫度轉換之電壓信號。五輸出皆為控制電壓，分別為散熱風扇、水泵、 比例閥、模式及迴路控制，其中迴路控制為本研究改良一重要特點。迴路 控制大、小循環，即時模擬結果證明了 RB 成功改善了燃料電池/鋰電池 系統溫度的穩定度，且到總體達目標溫度時間縮短 27.4%。This research aims to develop a new type of intelligent hybrid energy vehicle thermal management system, incorporating the traditional internal combustion engine vehicle thermostat design into the new energy vehicle system temperature control application, making the system temperature more stable and improving endurance. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell/lithium battery hybrid power assembly is used in electric vehicles. Use Matlab / Simulink software to simulate the thermal dynamic equation and complete the Rule Base (RB) simulation and experiment. And use the industrial computer (Real-Time) to complete the calculation for the thermal management control system to verify the feasibility of the experiment. For system dynamics, dynamic equations are used to establish the subsystems of the electric vehicle powertrain and the thermal system. For the thermodynamics of dual-energy, we have established the performance analysis and waste heat dynamics of PEMFC and lithium batteries and established a modular system and the first-order dynamics of the coolant pipe temperature. The key heat dissipation components include a proportional valve, heat iii exchanger, cooling fan, And coolant pump. The RB control strategy is applied to the intelligent integrated thermal Management Control Unit(TMCU) for the voltage output control scheme. The goal of its control strategy is to optimize the operating temperature of the two battery systems and reduce the temperature difference between the actual operating temperature and the target operating temperature. This system has two inputs and five outputs. The input is a voltage signal converted from the operating temperature of the lithium battery and the fuel cell. The five outputs are all control voltages, which are a cooling fan, water pump, proportional valve, mode, and loop control. Among them, loop control is an important feature of this research improvement. The loop controls large and small cycles, and the real-time simulation results prove that RB has successfully improved the temperature stability of the fuel cell/lithium battery system, and the overall reach of the target temperature-time has been shortened by 27.4%.