外籍勞工人格特質、工作特性、工作承諾與工作滿意度之研究—以營造業為例

Abstract

營造業一向以經濟發展的火車頭自居，但是幾經世界性的能源危機、政府的十大經濟建設，加以2008年底的金融海嘯衝擊，興衰也猶如波浪般的起伏，營造業的勞動力人口也隨著大環境的改變而發酵變化，加上二十年來台灣物質生活、家庭觀念、學校教育制度改變，就業價值觀面臨極大的挑戰。 由於勞動力不足，外籍勞工成為國內最大的替代性、補充性的勞動力來源，而外籍勞工的引進除相關法規、人權、防疫及管理外，最終目標為成為企業績效達成的原動力，所以在外籍勞工的選才、育才、用才和留才上，更是需要謹慎、精確，才能讓外籍勞工發揮個人最大效能和效益。 因此，本研究從外籍勞工人格特質、工作特性、工作承諾與工作滿意度進行量化探討，透過敘述統計分析、T檢定、變異數分析、相關分析及迴歸分析的分析結果，期能提供學術界和企業界，在外籍勞工學術研究、生產管理、績效管理及生活管理上，能夠有更具體之參考貢獻，也能在實際運用上更符合企業之營運績效。

Construction industry has always deemed itself as the locomotive of economic development, but after going through several global energy crises, the (new) ten major construction projects of Taiwan, and financial tsunami at the end of 2008, we have seen ups and downs in the construction industry. Meanwhile, the labor force in this industry has experienced sea changes. In addition, we have also witnessed changes in the economic life, family concept, and educational systems in Taiwan over the past two decades; consequently, the employment value has also experienced major challenges. Insufficient workforce has led to the introduction of foreign labor to become the alternative and supplementary workforce in Taiwan. Aside from the related regulations, human rights, health inspection, and management of foreign labor, the ultimate goal of foreign labor introduction is to achieve the enterprises’ performance targets. As a result, it is pivotal to develop very cautious and precise policies in recruiting, training, utilizing, and retaining foreign labor so that the effectiveness and efficiency can be maximized. The study conducted quantitative measurements on personality, job characteristics, job commitment, and job satisfaction of foreign labor and analyzed via descriptive statistics, t-test, variance analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis to provide information to the academic circle and businesses. The information obtained from the study should serve as good references on academic research, production management, performance management, and life management of foreign labor. At the same time, the study results should be able to serve as a effective approach to meet the performance goals of business operation.