台灣移民政策對於香港移民潮的影響
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2023
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香港自2019年發生反修例政治運動至2022年年底，大約有20萬至30萬名香港人移出香港。初期大部份香港居民都傾向移民到台灣，令到台灣發放的居留證數目從2019年的5,858張上升至2021年的11,173張。但隨着不同國家陸續宣布了不同便利香港居民的移民的方案，包括：英國、加拿大及澳洲等，移往台灣的人數有回落的情況。同時台灣政府曾多次在移民政策或規則上進行修訂，當中的修訂大多偏向收緊現有的政策，令不少有意來臺灣居留人士有所卻步，已移居台灣但未合資格領取台灣身份證的香港居民也產生打算「二次移民」到其他西方國家的念頭。本研究的主要探討目的包括了解香港移民潮對台灣人口結構的影響、探討台灣緊縮移民政策對香港居民移入數目的影響、了解香港居民對台灣移民政策的意見、分析香港居民的移民目的地的趨勢改變和探討從其他國家的便捷移民方案中可借鏡的地方。為達成上述研究目的，本論文將採用文獻分析法、比較法、歸納法及差異中的差異法進行研究。
除了分析台灣方面的移民情況，當中會包括香港居民移入台灣的狀況、香港居民來台灣居留及定居的辦法、近年台灣的緊縮移民政策及了解受政策影響人士的意見。同時也會探討其他國家的移民情況，當中包括英國、加拿大及澳洲的便捷移民方案，在這些方案中有關香港居民流入的統計數據，以及比較台灣及其他國家在政策上的不同之處。另外，也會透過迴歸分析結果以實證台灣緊縮政策對香港居民移入數目有顯著負相關。在本研究結尾部份將會試圖為台灣移民政策作出一些建議。
From the start of the anti-extradition bill political movement in Hong Kong in 2019 until the end of 2022, approximately 200,000 to 300,000 Hong Kong residents have emigrated from the city. Initially, the majority of Hong Kong residents inclined towards immigrating to Taiwan, resulting in an increase in the number of residency permits issued by Taiwan from 5,858 in 2019 to 11,173 in 2021. However, as different countries successively announced immigration schemes benefiting Hong Kong residents, including the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, the number of people moving to Taiwan experienced a decline. Simultaneously, the Taiwanese government has made several revisions to its immigration policies and regulations, mostly leaning towards tightening the existing policies. This has caused hesitation among many Hong Kong residents who intended to reside in Taiwan, and some Hong Kong residents who have already moved to Taiwan but have not qualified for Taiwanese citizenship have contemplated"secondary immigration" to other Western countries. The main objectives of this study include understanding the impact of the Hong Kong immigration wave on Taiwan's population structure, exploring the influence of Taiwan's restrictive immigration policies on the number of Hong Kong residents immigrating, understanding the opinions of Hong Kong residents regarding Taiwan's immigration policies, analyzing the changing trends in the destination choices of Hong Kong residents, and examining the aspects that can be learned from convenient immigration schemes in other countries. To achieve these research objectives, this thesis will employ methods such as literature analysis, comparative analysis, inductive reasoning, and difference-in-differences analysis.In addition to analyzing the immigration situation in Taiwan, the study will encompass the conditions of Hong Kong residents immigrating to Taiwan, the methods for Hong Kong residents to reside and settle in Taiwan, recent restrictive immigration policies in Taiwan, and understanding the views of individuals affected by these policies. It will also explore immigration situations in other countries, including the convenient immigration schemes in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, statistics related to the influx of Hong Kong residents in these schemes, and the differences in policies between Taiwan and other countries. Furthermore, regression analysis has been conducted to empirically demonstrate a significant negative correlation between Taiwan's austerity policies and the number of Hong Kong residents immigrating. In the concluding part of this research, attempts will be made to provide recommendations for Taiwan's immigration policies.
From the start of the anti-extradition bill political movement in Hong Kong in 2019 until the end of 2022, approximately 200,000 to 300,000 Hong Kong residents have emigrated from the city. Initially, the majority of Hong Kong residents inclined towards immigrating to Taiwan, resulting in an increase in the number of residency permits issued by Taiwan from 5,858 in 2019 to 11,173 in 2021. However, as different countries successively announced immigration schemes benefiting Hong Kong residents, including the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, the number of people moving to Taiwan experienced a decline. Simultaneously, the Taiwanese government has made several revisions to its immigration policies and regulations, mostly leaning towards tightening the existing policies. This has caused hesitation among many Hong Kong residents who intended to reside in Taiwan, and some Hong Kong residents who have already moved to Taiwan but have not qualified for Taiwanese citizenship have contemplated"secondary immigration" to other Western countries. The main objectives of this study include understanding the impact of the Hong Kong immigration wave on Taiwan's population structure, exploring the influence of Taiwan's restrictive immigration policies on the number of Hong Kong residents immigrating, understanding the opinions of Hong Kong residents regarding Taiwan's immigration policies, analyzing the changing trends in the destination choices of Hong Kong residents, and examining the aspects that can be learned from convenient immigration schemes in other countries. To achieve these research objectives, this thesis will employ methods such as literature analysis, comparative analysis, inductive reasoning, and difference-in-differences analysis.In addition to analyzing the immigration situation in Taiwan, the study will encompass the conditions of Hong Kong residents immigrating to Taiwan, the methods for Hong Kong residents to reside and settle in Taiwan, recent restrictive immigration policies in Taiwan, and understanding the views of individuals affected by these policies. It will also explore immigration situations in other countries, including the convenient immigration schemes in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, statistics related to the influx of Hong Kong residents in these schemes, and the differences in policies between Taiwan and other countries. Furthermore, regression analysis has been conducted to empirically demonstrate a significant negative correlation between Taiwan's austerity policies and the number of Hong Kong residents immigrating. In the concluding part of this research, attempts will be made to provide recommendations for Taiwan's immigration policies.
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Keywords
移民政策, 反修例運動, 香港居民, immigration policy, anti-revision movement, Hong Kong residents