應用專家系統之智慧型電梯控制與故障檢測

Abstract

由於都市發展快速，人口激增，致使寸土寸金的都市建築不得不向上發展，電梯因而日趨普遍，人們對電梯的需求也相對增加，除了系統安穩、安全之外，最好也能達到友善以及人性化之功能，因此許多智慧型控制理論應用於電梯系統中。 本論文結合專家系統所提出的規則，規劃雙電梯的運輸方式，在電梯控制設計方面，以最短樓層搜尋法與先來先服務法達到綠能建設與服務之目的，並透過人機介面做即時監看。在故障檢測部分，根據電梯控制系統流程圖，規劃出故障樹，說明故障原因，當電梯系統在運作過程中發生故障時，可以藉由專家系統所定義出的規則做推論，並提供解決之方法。 藉由本文提出的研究方法及設計流程，可以有效率的控制雙電梯且管理者可透過監看介面了解電梯運行之狀態。此系統能有效推論出升降馬達、步進馬達、近接開關、極限開關是否發生故障，增加維修人員判斷依據，進而減少檢查與維修時間。另外，利用本研究所提出的故障檢測系統能夠有效地偵測雙電梯系統中元件故障的情形。在檢測故障時，具有極佳的檢出準確度。As rapid urban development and population growth, buildings in urban areas have to be established higher than before, which causes wider use of elevators. In addition to system stability and safety, demands for elevators are also increasing, like artificial intelligence of time-saving and energy-saving. Therefore, many intelligent control theories are applied to elevator systems. This study combines the rules proposed by expert system to plan dual-elevators transport mode. In the part of elevator control design, we implement the shortest floor search method and first-in-first-service method to achieve the goals of green energy construction and service. Moreover, through the human-machine interface, we could perform real-time monitoring. In the part of malfunction detection, according to the flow chart of elevator control system, we establish fault tree to explain the malfunction reason. When elevator system malfunction occurs during the operation, we could follow the rules defined by expert system to make a conclusion and propose a solution. According to the research method and design flow proposed by this study, we can control dual-elevator efficiently, and system manager can understand the status of operating elevators through monitoring interface. This system can effectively infer whether elevator motors, step motors, proximity switches, and limit switches fail or not, and enhance the correctness of maintenance personnel’s decisions. Additionally, this system can help us reduce the inspection and maintenance time. In addition, we can detect faults of components in the dual elevator system efficiently by our fault detection system. When detecting faults, our system performs well accuracy.