臺北市兩所國民中學學生自尊、學業成就與規律運動行為之縱貫性研究

Abstract

本研究採縱貫方式探討個人背景變項、自尊、學業成就對國中生規律運動行為的影響。以臺北市兩所國中203名七年級學生為對象，進行三年追蹤調查，最後得173位學生（流失率14.78﹪）。將利用結構式問卷收集到的資料以邏輯式迴歸分析進行統計。重要發現如下： 一、國中三年期間各約六成學生從事規律運動行為，且男生比率高於女生。隨年級增加，男生規律運動比率下降；而女生則無明顯變化。 二、三年持續從事規律運動者約佔四成，且男生多於女生；而三年持續無規律運動者佔17﹪，且以女生居多。 三、七年級的個人背景因素中，只有規律運動行為可以有效預測八年級（O.R.= 5.79）、九年級規律運動行為（O.R.=3.88）。 四、七年級的自尊中，只有身體自尊可以有校預測八年級規律運動行為（O.R.=1.73）；但整體自尊（O.R.=2.28）、學業自尊（O.R.=0.44）和身體自尊（O.R.=1.85）可預測九年級的規律運動行為。 五、七年級的學科成績對八年級（O.R.=0.96）和九年級（O.R.=0.94）的規律運動行為有負向影響力。 六、七年級規律運動行為可以有效預測八年級規律運動行為（O.R.= 5.21）。性別（O.R.= 0.42）、七年級規律運動行為（O.R.= 3.32）、整體自尊（O.R.= 3.53）、學業自尊（O.R.= 0.42）可以有效預測九年級規律運動行為。 依據研究結果，建議藉由課程培養學生規律運動行為，強化整體自尊，以提升學生規律運動行為。The present study aimed to investigate the influence of junior high school students’ self-esteem, academic achievement on regular exercise using a longitudinal design. The subjects of this study were 173 students selected from two junior high schools in Taipei City. In three consecutive years, structured questionnaire were administered to collect data. Data were analyzed with logistic regression. The main results of this study were summarized as follows: 1.The rate of regular exercise of the subjects was 60% in the three investigated years. Male’s regular exercise rate was higher than female’s. Male’s regular exercise rate was decreased by grade. 2.About 40% of the subjects did regular exercise continuously during three years period with more males than females. Seventeen percent of the subjects didn’t do regular exercise in these three years with more females than males. 3.Among five individual factors, only regular exercise in seventh grade could predict regular exercise behavior in both eighth and ninth grade (O.R.= 5.79, O.R.=3.88). 4. Appearance self-esteem in seventh grade could predict regular exercise behavior in eighth grade (O.R.= 1.73). Moreover, globe self-esteem (O.R.= 2.28), academic self-esteem (O.R.= 0.44), and appearance self-esteem (O.R.= 1.85) in seventh grade could predict regular exercise behavior in ninth grade. 5.Academic achievement in seventh grade could predict regular exercise behavior in eighth grade (O.R.= 0.96) and ninth grade (O.R.= 0.94). 6. Among 12 individual, self-esteem and academic performance factors, only regular exercise in seventh grade could predict regular exercise in eighth grade. Gender, past regular exercise, global self-esteem and academic self-esteem could predict regular exercise behavior in ninth grade. Based on the results, the researcher suggests design related curriculum, enhance global self-esteem, and establish exercise habit early to promote middle school students’ regular exercise behavior.