地產地消概念與休閒農業結合之研究

Abstract

地產地消強調「在地生產，在地消費」，相對應現代主流食物供應系統，更能拉近生產者與消費者間的距離，讓消費者獲得更新鮮、低碳排放的食物，同時可幫助在地農民並提升在地經濟，對環境、社會和經濟面向皆有益處，這樣的概念在歐、美、日、韓等國十分盛行，近年來國內這類的思維也日漸普及。地產地消的實踐途徑包括農民市集、社區支持型農業、食物合作社等，其中與休閒農業結合亦是一種實踐的可能。休閒農業十分強調遊客的親身體驗，餐飲體驗即是一重要的體驗面向，藉由這個體驗的過程，提供一個讓生產者、消費者相互接觸的極佳平台。本研究透過問卷普查及訪談的過程，瞭解臺灣休閒農場經營者對於推廣地產地消之看法及推動上有何阻礙。研究結果發現，休閒農場經營者對於環境面向之縮短食物里程、降低碳排放等概念認識較為清楚，相對在經濟、社會面向之提升在地經濟、幫助在地小農等效益則較少被提及。另外在實踐上所遭遇的阻礙包括在食材產量不穩定、採購程序複雜和來客數不穩定，無法向在地農民承諾、契約收購等。整體而言，在另類食物網絡的思維下，休閒農業經營者透過地產地消可以扮演生產者、消費者和中介者的角色，與在地農民建立信賴關係，達到食材品質與安全的目標，進一步提升在地經濟發展與幫助在地農民。“Locavore”, Word of The Year for 2007 in the Oxford American Dictionary, means a person whose diet consists of locally grown or produced food and contains sustainability concept. The concept of “local food” is very popular in Japan and other countries and has increasing popularity in Taiwan. Agritourism is one of the approaches to practice local food consumption, and it is a easy way to let consumers understand the agriculture. Through the field experiences emphasized in agritourism, the producer and consumer have close interaction. If the relationship between producer and the consumer can be established, it can reduce the food miles and revitalize local economies and agriculture as well.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the attitude of agritourism operators toward local food consumption and the challenges and obstacles they encounter using local food in the meal they provide. The findings based on questionnaire survey and deep interview of agritourism operators are including: 1) concerning local production for local consumption, the agritourism operators have 'a' high level of environmental consciousness. 2) the most difficult obstacles to overcome in using local food are unreliable supply, complicated ordering, and various tourist numbers. 3) in terms of alternative food network, agritourism operators can keep the quality and safety of food, and help the local farmers when they purchase food from local area.