K他命使用、衝動特質與憂鬱情形之相關研究：以高職夜校生為例

Abstract

國內藥物濫用的問題有增多的趨勢，年齡層逐年下降、K他命的濫用是台灣目前面臨的嚴重問題，本研究目的在調查青少年是否因衝動性、獎賞敏感性與懲罰敏感性、憂鬱情況而影響其K他命濫用情形。研究對象為針對台北市高中職夜間部學生進行問卷調查，共計212份問卷進行分析。研究工具採用衝動量表（Barratt Impulsiveness Scale，BIS-11）、獎賞敏感性與懲罰敏感性量表（The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire，SPSRQ）、憂鬱量表（Center for Epidemiologic Studies Scale，CES-D），以SPSS 22.0統計軟體分析。研究結果發現高中職夜校學生中衝動性、獎賞敏感性及憂鬱與使用K他命有顯著相關(t=-2.774(210), p=.007; t=-3.319(210), p=.001; t=-2.769(210), p=.007)。衝動性、獎賞敏感性與憂鬱傾向能有效預測K他命使用行為(β=.043, p=.045; β=.121, p=.002; β=.045, p=.027)。本研究建議未來可以設計不同的認知功能調查，瞭解衝動性與大腦藥物機制的關聯，做更深入的探討，以及在青少年人格發展時，增強對藥物使用之認知或藉由相關課程的設計，以降低青少年因人格特質的影響而產生偏差或藥物使用行為。Ketamine abuse has recently become a serious problem in Taiwan. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between impulsivity, sensitivity to reward, sensitivity to punishment, depression and ketamine use amongst teenagers in Taipei. A total of 212 vocational evening school students completed a self-administered questionnaire about ketamine use and personality trait. The survey questionnaire concluded the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Scale (CES-D). SPSS 22.0 software was used to manage and ananlyze the data. The results found that impulsivity, sensitivity to reward and depression are significantly associated with ketamine use (t=-2.774(210), p=.007; t=-3.319(210), p=.001; t=-2.769(210), p=.007). Students with higher score on impulsivity, sensitivity to reward or depression were more likely to use ketamine (β=.043, p=.045; β=.121, p=.002; β=.045, p=.027). Based on these findings, we suggest (1) different approaches to measuring cognitive function would have helped in understanding the relationship between personality trait and mechanism of drug use in brains; (2) increasing drug-abuse knowledge through course design would reduce drug use or delinquent behavior during adolescent personality development.