童軍團長實施品德教育之方式與困境

Abstract

本研究旨在了解童軍團長實施品德教育的方式與困境為何，並比較不同背景變項的童軍團長在實施品德教育的內涵、方法、時機與困境上的差異。 本研究採用自編之「童軍團長實施品德教育方式與困境調查問卷」為研究工具進行調查研究，研究對象則以台灣地區完成九十九年三項登記（團登記、服務員登記與團員登記）之童軍團長，將台灣分成北區、中區、南區、東區四區分層立意抽樣，共寄發244份問卷。本研究獲得166份有效問卷，回收率為68%，資料分析以SPSS 19.0統計套裝軟體進行，採用次數分配及百分比、平均數及標準差、t檢定（t-test）、單因子變異數分析（ANOVA）等統計方法進行資料處理。 本研究綜合研究結果，主要有以下5項發現，茲分述如下： 一、童軍團長在品德內涵的實施上，最常實施的是「榮譽」，其次為「服務」、「助人」。 二、童軍團長在品德實施方法上，最常使用的方式為「環境塑造」，其次為「典範學習」、「服務實踐」。 三、童軍團長在品德實施時機上，最常使用的時機式是「團集會」，其次為「露營活動」、「其他」，其他當中以各類服務活動出現最多。 四、童軍團長在實施困境上，影響最大的為「社會風氣」，其次為「團務行政」、「團長態度」。 五、在不同背景變項中，不同性別、年齡、擔任團長年資、童軍活動年資、學歷、童軍訓練情形、品德教育修課情形、童軍團規模、童軍團性質、童軍團所在區域等變項會影響實施品德教育內涵、方法、時機以及對方法品德教育困境上的看法。 最後，根據研究發現與結論，本研究分別對童軍總會、童軍團長、未來研究，提出相關建議事項。

The purpose of this research is to understand the implement methods and difficulties of character education of scoutmasters in scouting movement, as well as compare the differences of content, methods, and difficulties between different backgrounds of scoutmasters. The author used the “Methods and Difficulties of Scoutmasters doing Character Education Questionnaire” as research tool to do survey research. The research subjects are those scoutmasters who completed the full registrations (scout troop, scout staff and scout members) in Taiwan in 2010. The author divided the subjects into four groups by geographical factors, such as northern, middle, southern and eastern, with judgmental sampling method sending 244 questionnaires. There were 166 valid questionnaires and the effective response rate was 68%. The author used SPSS 19.0 software making description statistics, t-test and ANOVA statistical analysis. The result of this research and simply sorted into the following 5 phases: (1) The most frequent content of character education in this research is honor, and follows with service, helping others; (2) The most frequent method of implying in character education by scoutmasters in this research is “Environmental Construction”, and follows with modeling and service practice; (3) The most frequent timing factor of character education in this research is troop meeting, and follows with camping and other. Among “other factors”, service activities are the most frequent; (4)The most frequent difficulties of implying character education are social conduct, administration of troop affairs and attitude of scoutmasters; (5) In different background factors, different gender, age, years of being a scouter, years in scouting, education level, scout professional training , character education credits, and different sizes, types and locations of scout troops will affect the result of different point of view in contents, implement methods and difficulties among the scoutmasters. In final, according to the research results, the author makes recommendations to National Scout Organization, scoutmasters and future studies.