技專院校學生曠課行為 之研究--以桃竹苗地區為例

Abstract

本研究依據Tinto「leaving college」概念為基礎，探討學生性別、居住處、學制年級、教學因素、環境因素、家庭因素、個人特質、法規熟稔度等相關因素，對桃竹苗地區技專院校學生曠課行為的影響。 為達成上述目的，本研究兼採取文獻探討與問卷調查法，以桃竹苗地區七所技專院校二專、二技、四技日間部學生為研究對象，採用自編之「桃竹苗地區技專院校學生曠課行為問卷」為研究工具，進行隨機抽樣調查。總計回收有效問卷1227份，問卷回收率達87.65%。問卷回收後，繼之以統計套裝軟體Spss10.0 for Windows進行描述性統計、單因變異數分析、t檢定、雪費事後比較法、Pearson積差相關法、羅吉斯逐步迴歸分析等統計方法分析資料。根據分析所得，本研究主要獲致結果如下： 一、桃竹苗地區七所技專院校學生，有曠課經驗的人數較無曠課經驗者多。 二、以校別而言，桃竹苗地區七所技專院校中，以親民技術學院的曠課率居冠，而長庚技術學院的無曠課率為七所學校之首。 三、以性別而言，桃竹苗地區七所技專院校學生中，男生的曠課行為發生比較高。 四、以居住處而言，桃竹苗地區七所技專院校學生中，住在親戚家者有較高的曠課行為發生率。 五、以法規熟稔度而言，桃竹苗地區七所技專院校學生，對於學校法規有較高的熟稔度，但是其曠課行為並未隨之減少。 六、教學因素、環境因素、家庭因素、個人特質等變項中，以個人特質對曠課行為有最顯明的影響性。 本研究根據結果分別對教學、學校環境營造、學生輔導、法規改革等方面，提出以下幾點建議：教師應了解學生的認知程度、重視師生互動、重視學生的需求與意見、增加學校休閒設施、娛樂設備與活動多樣性、妥善安排課程與時段、營造優良校園風氣、掌握學生個人特質、針對曠課設計輔導方案、增強校外訪視功能、將准假權回歸授課教師手中、重視法源依據、訂法以促進學生發展為目標等。 關鍵字：曠課Based on the concept of Tinto’s “leaving college” (1975), this study explores the influence of the following factors on truancy of the students in vocational and technological colleges and universities in Taoyuan-Hsinchu-Miaoli area: gender, residence, teaching factor, school system, environment, family, individual characteristic, and familiarity with regulations. This study chooses its subjects from day-division students of the two-year junior colleges, two-year colleges, and four-year colleges in the seven vocational and technological colleges and universities in Taoyuan-Hsinchu-Miaoli area. In this study, documentation and questionnaire are used to investigate truant behavior of the students. The samples of the questionnaire are randomly selected. Totally 1277 valid copies were collected and the returning ratio reached 87.65%. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, T-Test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s posteriori comparisons, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Logistic Regression Analysis. According to the analysis, the results of this study are: 1. In Taoyuan-Hsinchu-Miaoli area, students with truant experiences are more than those without the experiences. 2. The truant behavior happens most often in Chin Min Institute of Technology, while the less truant behavior happens in Chang Gung Institute of Technology. 3. Boys play truant more than girls. 4. Students who live with relatives play truant more often than those who live in the dormitory. 5. Although students in this area are familiar with the school regulations, they play truant no less than those who are not familiar with the school regulations. 6. The individual characteristic plays a more important role in influencing truant behavior than other factors such as teaching, environment, and family. According to the result of the study, some proposals to improve teaching methods, build a better campus, emphasize student counseling, and reform the school regulations need to be paid attention to. Teachers should pay attention to the intellectual development of students, the interrelationship with students, and the needs and opinions of students. School authority needs to construct more leisure facilities, provide various entertaining equipment and extracurricular activities, and devise a better curriculum to build an excellent institute climate. Finally, some suggestions for further study are made according to the findings.

Key words: truant behavior