論漢語右置移位現象

Abstract

本論文主要探討的是漢語右置移位現象。右置移位現象在其他語言中，像是德文、西文、法文、日文、韓文等，是十分常見的，過去已經有許多學者針對此現象做了有系統的句法分析。但是相對來說，漢語的右置移位現象的句法討論尚未有一套完整的分析討論，因此本論文旨在探究此句法結構在漢語中的行為表徵，並進一步地提出其對應的句法分析。首先，我針對右置移位以及另外兩個表面相似的結構，即句後補充及呼語結構，提出區辨的方式；繼而回顧了右置移位現象在文獻上曾提出的分析方式，分別是移位、基底衍生以及刪略。本文根據右置移位的定義以及過去學者所提之分析方式，逐一檢視了漢語在右置移位的句法表現，發現三個文獻的主要分析法都各有其優缺點。我進一步提出移位分析才能夠較適切地分析漢語右置移位結構。具體來說，漢語右置移位結構先經歷了主題化，然後再藉由殘餘成分移位至焦點的位置。這樣的分析法不僅能夠正確衍生出表面的語序，並且也能夠解釋右置移位片語的言談功能。本論文期望可以提供未來對於右置移位結構研究奠定一些基礎的語料及分析。The aim of this thesis is to investigate the right dislocation construction in Mandarin Chinese. Right dislocation is widely observed in languages such as German, Spanish, French, Japanese, and Korean. However, there has not been enough attention paid to this construction in Mandarin Chinese and, accordingly, a systematic syntactic analysis is left desired. Thus, the present study aims to fill this gap. In the thesis, I first distinguish right dislocation from the other two superficially similar constructions, i.e. afterthought and vocative phrases. I compare the mainstream analytic options proposed for right dislocation in the literature, namely, movement analysis, base generation analysis, and ellipsis analysis; I further show that the three analyses all have their advantages and disadvantages in light of the Mandarin data. Nevertheless, I argue that among the three, the movement analysis can better capture the phenomenon observed in right dislocation of Mandarin Chinese. The movement analysis proposed in the present study consists of two operations, i.e. topicalization of the dislocated phrase followed by a remnant movement to the Spec, FocP position. This analysis not only generates the correct surface word order but also can differentiate the discourse function of the right dislocated phrases. This study wishes to provide the empirical and theoretical basis for the future study on the right dislocation in Mandarin Chinese.