V頻帶功率放大器與I/Q調變器設計

Abstract

本論文研製之方向為一毫米波發射機系統的子電路分析─功率放大器(Power Amplifier, PA)與I/Q調變器(I/Q Modulator)，電路操作於V頻帶，使用的製程為台積電所提供的TSMC CMOS 90nm RF 1P9M標準製程。 隨著無線通訊技術的迅速發展，射頻積體電路逐漸朝著更高的頻率、資料傳輸速率、寬頻且高整合性的方向前進；無須執照的V頻段具備有達成超高速率傳輸的可行性，係一個利於本次設計研發的頻段。而CMOS製程技術具有小面積、低成本、低功耗、與高整合度等優勢，係一在毫波米頻段極具吸引力的製程技術。 於各電路的模擬設計上採用了安捷倫所提供之ADS(Advanced design system)與電磁模擬軟體SONNET，而設計的電路為功率放大器(Power Amplifier, PA)與I/Q調變器(I/Q Modulator)兩個發射機系統的前端電路，其中功率放大器(Power Amplifier, PA)於設計上採用1：2：4的三級共源極(common source, CS)設計架構，其中第一級與第二級設定為驅動級(Drive Stage)，第三級為功率輸出級(Power Stage)，並在第三級加入一線性器，讓功率輸出有約略6 dBm左右的線性延長現象，於60 GHz的最大輸出功率為9.72 dBm，包含測試pad的晶片面積為0.711 × 0.657 mm2。 I/Q調變器(I/Q Modulator)於設計上，由最基本的混頻原理作為切入，完成一改良式Gilbert-cell混頻器(Modified Gilbert-cell Mixer)，並有效結合數學模型加以驗證一I/Q調變器(I/Q Modulator)的電路架構與模型，包含測試pad的晶片面積為0.6978×0.8126 mm2。

The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a Power Amplifier and an I/Q Modulator in a V-band millimeter-wave transmitter system. They are fabricated on TSMC 90 nm 1P9M RF CMOS process. With the development of wireless communication technologies, radio frequency integrated circuit tends to higher frequency, higher data rate, wider bandwidth, and higher integration. For this subject, unlicensed multi-GHz bandwidth around V-band makes very high data rate transmission feasible. We adopt CMOS technology. It has the advantages of small size, low cost, low power consumption, and high level of integration, all of which are for MMW applications. To develop a Power Amplifier and an I/Q Modulator in a V-band millimeter-wave transmitter system. We are using Agilent ADS software and SONNET software to be the simulation tools. The first circuit is Power Amplifier, which utilizes three-stage common source configuration amplifier. The first and second stages are drive stages. The third stage is power stage. To purpose higher linearity, we combine a Pre-distortion Linearizer on the power stage. The circuit will have better linearity than without Linearizer. The second circuit is I/Q Modulator, which is using two Modified Gilbert-cell Mixer, one Coupler, and one Wilkinson Combiner.