鷹架式探究課程對高中生探究能力之影響

Abstract

本研究採混合設計研究法(mixed method)，透過測驗、半結構式晤談、文件分析、影帶分析等質性與量化資料的交叉分析，期能了解高中生在明示鷹架、隱喻鷹架、漸褪鷹架三種鷹架式探究課程中其科學概念的進步情形、科學探究能力的成長、對科學探究認識的改變等表現。研究對象為台北縣某國立高中一年級三班學生，有效樣本共93人。研究結果顯示全體學生在經過鷹架式探究課程教學後，其科學概念、科學探究能力、對科學探究的認識均具有顯著進步(科學概念:t= 12.26*** , p<0.001; 對科學探究認識: Z=2.17*,p<0.05; 科學探究能力: t=10.76***, p<0.001)。而不同版本課程設計間的教學，對於促進學生在科學概念上的學習成效與在開放式科學探究能力試題中的表現並無顯著差異。但在拆鷹架(水庫單元)的實作評量中，發現漸褪鷹架的課程教學下的學生，其科學探究能力的表現優於其他兩種版本設計的學生。且當以區辨科學探究階段測驗與半結構式晤談診斷學生對科學探究認識的改變情形，結果發現在漸褪鷹架教學下的學生較其他兩種版本呈現較高層次對科學探究的認識。This study aimed to understand how scaffolded scientific inquiry curriculum design (Explicit version, Implicit version and Fading version) improved students’ scientific conceptions, scientific inquiry abilities and understanding about inquiry. The participants included 93 tenth graders from three classes at a senior high school in Taipei County. The researchers collected data from open-end questions, half structural interviews, and video clips of the focus group. The main results indicated that all the students had significant differences on scientific conceptions (t=12.26, p<0.001), scientific inquiry abilities (t=10.76, p<0.001) and understanding about inquiry (Z=2.17, p<0.05) through comparing their performances before and after the curriculum. Also, the fading version had better understanding about inquiry than the other two versions. However, no significant differences were found among the three versions（F=2.877, p>0.05）on students’ scientific conceptions and scientific inquiry abilities. From the analysis of focus groups’ video clips, we found that studentsin the Fading version performed better scientific inquiry abilities than the other two versions in no scaffolding lesson, Dam Lesson.