男同志網球社群的形成與變遷

Abstract

對於男同志而言，運動會反應與強化傳統性別關係，運動成就是形塑男同志形象的催化劑。男同志網球社群是男同志基於共同的性傾向與運動興趣，所成立的業餘網球運動社群，它是一個男同志以球會友的場域，其因地緣關係形成了分屬四地打球的團體。本研究藉由探討男同志與網球社群兩者的關係、男同志網球社群球員運動社會化歷程、男同志網球社群四團的沿革、同志認同過程以及男同志參與網球社群所展現的休閒與社會意義等內容，旨在了解男同志網球社群的形成與變遷。研究者以質性研究為主要的研究取徑，透過參與觀察法、深度訪談法以及問卷調查法，了解男同志網球社群球員的真實想法。研究結果發現：一、男同志網球社群是男同志社交活動的重要場合，球友彼此分享生活點滴，相濡以沫產生相同的信念，形成獨特的運動文化。二、男同志網球社群球員透過社會化媒介參與網球運動，同儕和家庭是主要的社會化媒介，性別因素亦會影響社會化媒介。三、男同志網球社群四團的發展都不相同，具有異質性。四、男同志在參與男同志網球社群後，對於自我的同志認同歷程有四個時期：認同困惑期、認同接受期、認同驕傲期以及認同整合期。五、男同志參與網球社群的休閒意義是健康、友誼、情感三者的連結。六、在社會尊重多元文化的情況下，大眾能夠接受男同志球員，不與社會主流有所衝突，彼此能夠相互尊重。在運動與休閒領域中，可藉由政府政策、消除歧視與污名、性別教育與同志教育、打破運動場域的性別藩籬及重視同志人權等方式，促進臺灣社會大眾了解性別平等的重要性，尊重多元文化的發展，邁向性別平權的目標。

For gay, sport reflects and reinforces traditional gender relations. Sport achievement is a catalyst for shaping the gay image. The Gay Tennis Community is an amateur tennis sports community which was established by gay based on their common sexual orientation and sporting interests. It is a gay comrade's field where the tennis is used as a meeting place. It is formed in four groups due to geographical relationships. This study explores the relationship between gay and gay tennis community, the sport socialization of gay tennis community players, the evolution of gay tennis community, the gay identification process, and the gay players participate in the leisure and social significance of the gay tennis community. The main objective is to understand the formation and changes of the gay tennis community. Researchers use qualitative research as the main research approach, through the participation of observation methods, in-depth interviews, and questionnaire surveys to understand the true ideas of gay tennis community players. The study found that: 1. Gay tennis community is an important occasion for social activities. These gay players share their lives with each other, and they use the same belief to create a unique sports culture. 2. Gay tennis community players participate in tennis through socializing agents. Peer and family are the main socializing agents, and gender factors also influence socializing agents. 3. The history and development of the four teams in gay tennis community is different and heterogeneous. 4. After gay participate in the gay tennis community, there are four periods for the self-identity of gay players, include of identity confusion period, identity acceptance period, identity pride period, and identity synthesis period. 5. The meaning of gay players participate in the gay tennis community is the link between health, friendship and emotion. 6. In a situation where the society respects multiculturalism, the public can accept gay players and do not have conflicts with the mainstream of the society. They can respect each other. In sport and leisure, the importance of gender equality can be promoted in Taiwanese society through government policies, the elimination of discrimination and stigma, gender education and gay education, the breaking of gender barriers in sport fields, and the emphasis on gay human rights. Respect the development of multiculturalism and jointly advance towards the goal of gender equality.