跆拳道跳後踢之軀幹與攻擊腳帶動模式分析

Abstract

本研究目的是探討跳後踢在踢擊過程中，軀幹扭轉與攻擊腳關節屈伸之間的關係，並找出一個最佳的帶動模式。六名大專甲組男子跆拳道選手（年齡：21.2±2.3歲；身高：180.8±4.7公分；體重：80.7±11.6公斤）為受試對象。兩台Redlake攝影機(60Hz)擷取跳後踢動作，利用Kwon 3D動作分析軟體，進行動作分析。研究結果顯示，於攻擊期中，上軀幹或下軀幹會有反向旋轉的現象；當攻擊腳踢擊沙袋時，髖關節與膝關節皆會繼續伸展。於騰空踢擊期，皆由上軀幹帶動下軀幹旋轉；於攻擊期，上軀幹或下軀幹的反向旋轉，主要是使身體保持平衡。在攻擊期中，髖關節與膝關節是持續伸展，相對於膝關節，髖關節角速度先出現峰值，讓膝關節伸展以攻擊目標，其攻擊的力量達到最大效益。透過軀幹扭轉之型態與攻擊腳關節屈伸的分析，可知當蹬地躍起後，由上軀幹、下軀幹、髖關節至膝關節依序帶動，此一軀幹與下肢的帶動，為本研究跳後踢之最佳帶動模式。

This study investigated the relationship between trunk twist and joint flextion/extension of the attack leg and looked for an optimum driving model in jump-back kick. Six male taewondo athletes (age: 21.2�2.3 years old; height: 180.8�4.7 cm; weight: 80.7�11.6 kg) were selected as subjects. Two Redlake high-speed cameras (60Hz) were used to collect the jump-back kick movement. The Kwon 3D software was used to analyze the jump-back kick movements. The result showed that the upper trunk or the lower trunk had a counter-movement in the attack phase. When the attack leg hit a bag, the hip and knee joints were in continuous extension. The upper trunk would drive the lower trunk to rotate after jump takeoff. The upper trunk or the lower trunk had a counter-movement in the attack phase in order to maintain the body balance. In the attack phase, the hip and keen joints were in continuous extension. The peak angular velocity of the hip joint appeared earlier than that of the knee joint, which helped extend the keen joint to effectively attack the target. Through the analysis of the trunk twist and the joint extension of the attack leg, a better model after jump takeoff can be found. To drive from the upper trunk through the lower trunk, and from the hip to the knee, is the optimum driving model for the jump-back kick as found in this study.