臺北縣三峽鎮國中學生自尊與健康危害行為研究

Abstract

本研究旨在了解國中生的自尊、健康危害行為現況及兩者的關係，並探討兩者與個人背景因素和重要他人情感關係間的關係。採叢集比率取樣法，以班級為抽樣單位，自台北縣三峽鎮公立國中七、八、九年級學生中隨機抽出17班，590名樣本，共得510名有效樣本（89.3％）。結構式問卷所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元迴歸分析等統計分法進行分析。 本研究主要結果如下： 一、研究對象的整體自尊與15個分量表，皆呈現較正向的狀況。 二、研究對象健康危害行為頻率較多屬有過一、二次或從來沒有的情況。 三、研究對象的整體自尊越高，則整體健康危害行為出現頻率越低。 四、七年級學生、學業成就較高者、家庭結構完整者、父母教育程度國、高中職以下者、與重要他人情感關係越親密，整體自尊較高。 五、八、九年級學生、學業成就後段者、家庭結構不完整者、與父母、導師、同儕關係不佳者，整體健康危害行為出現頻率較高。 六、個人背景因素和重要他人情感關係可顯著預測整體自尊與十五項量尺，解釋量介於7％-52％。個人背景因素和重要他人情感關係亦可顯著預測整體健康危害行為與五類健康危害行為，解釋量介於8％-24％。 最後，依據研究結果進行討論，並分別針對實務工作與未來研究提出建議。

The purpose of this study was to realize the status of self-esteem and health-risk behaviors and to examine their relationships, and further to explore their related factors among junior high school students in Sansia Town. By using crowd random sampling method , 590 participants (17 classes), selected from three junior high schools in Sansia Town were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire. There are 510 valid samples (89.3%) . Data was analyzed with independent-sample t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple linear regression. The main findings of the study were as follows： 1.The level of subjects’ global self-esteem and its 15 subscales were all presented with more positive status. 2.Most of them had the frequency of health-risk behaviors only once, twice or never happened. 3.It is shown that the higher the global self-esteem, the lower the occurrence of health-risk behaviors would be. 4.The seventh grade students, with higher academic performance, from two parents family, parents with education level of junior and senior high school or vocational schools, of more intimate relationships with parents, homeroom teachers and peers, their self-esteem was higher. 5.Students of eighth and ninth grade, with lower academic performance, from poor family structure, of poor relationship with parents, homeroom teachers and peers, their frequency of health-risk behaviors was higher. 6.The individual factors and relationships with significant others can predict the global self-esteem and the 15 subscales, with the explaining variance between 7% to 52%.They can also obvioursly predict global health-risk behaviors and five ingredients of health-risk behaviors, the prediction value is between 8% to 24%. Base on the conclusions of this study recommendations for both practical affairs and further studies were provided.