老農的生活型態、生活事件與生活品質之研究
Abstract
本研究透過老農的生活型態及其特色，探討老農對其生活品質的主觀感受，並以生活事件做為分析焦點，探討生活事件發生前後老農生活型態的轉變歷程與生活品質的改變。採質性深入訪談，同時考量地區、性別、農業工作退休與否做為取樣標準，共選取六位受訪者進行資料蒐集與探討。每日生活、家庭生活與社會生活做為描繪期生活型態的參考面向，生活品質則以主觀的生活感受為本研究之焦點。
研究結果發現如下：
一、老農生活型態三主軸的展現
（一）「家庭生活」是各類生活型態老農所共有的重要生活軸線，尤以夫妻與代間互動。（二）「農業生活」在不同的老農生活型態中以不同的形式展現其重要性，仍以農維生的專業老農生活型態中係主要的經濟活動；已退休的老農其農業活動轉型為休閒、產出與家人共享的一種生活方式，即老農生活型態上最大的特色—退休不離農。（三）「社會生活」是三軸線中最多元的一軸線，在社會參與的屬性與社會網絡的地域性交織下，有多元的型態展現。
二、老農的主觀生活品質感受組成元素與轉變
老農的主觀生活品質感受隨著年齡的增加有上升的趨勢，健康狀況、經濟穩定、子女成家立業、代間互動融洽是老農共有的主觀生活品質組成元素；而能使老農主觀生活品質感受轉變的生活事件主要為退休使生活中的自由與廣度增加而生活品質感受上升，以及因喪偶而角色改變且夫妻互伴消失的失落而生活品質感受降低。
The study discuss the Elderly farmer’s perception of the subjective quality of life though the elderly farmer’s life style. By analysis of life events as the focus of discussing the changing of life style and life events and Subjective quality of life. Consider regional, gender, retirement or not at the same time as the sampling standard. In-depth interviews were conducted with six elderly farmers. Analysis of the interviews found: 1.Elderly farmer’s lifestyle shows three principal axis (1)”Family Life “ is a important life axis common to all kinds of life style, especially marital interaction and intergenerational interaction. (2)“Agricultural Life” in a different life style demonstrate the importance of different forms To the professional elderly farmer’s life style, agricultural life is the main economic avtivities in daily life. Retired elderly farmer’s life style show on the transformation of agricultural activities as leisure activities , and sharing with their family. The largest characteristics of their life style are retired without leaving agricultural. (1)"Social life" interweaving by the properties of Social participation and social networks is the most diverse of the three axes. 2. The elements and changes of Subjective quality of life. The subjective quality of life increase with age, and Health, economic stability, Marital status of their children , the interaction between the their grandchildren are the important elements of the subjective quality of life. Changing role and losses in later life due to widowhood reduced the subjective quality of life.
The study discuss the Elderly farmer’s perception of the subjective quality of life though the elderly farmer’s life style. By analysis of life events as the focus of discussing the changing of life style and life events and Subjective quality of life. Consider regional, gender, retirement or not at the same time as the sampling standard. In-depth interviews were conducted with six elderly farmers. Analysis of the interviews found: 1.Elderly farmer’s lifestyle shows three principal axis (1)”Family Life “ is a important life axis common to all kinds of life style, especially marital interaction and intergenerational interaction. (2)“Agricultural Life” in a different life style demonstrate the importance of different forms To the professional elderly farmer’s life style, agricultural life is the main economic avtivities in daily life. Retired elderly farmer’s life style show on the transformation of agricultural activities as leisure activities , and sharing with their family. The largest characteristics of their life style are retired without leaving agricultural. (1)"Social life" interweaving by the properties of Social participation and social networks is the most diverse of the three axes. 2. The elements and changes of Subjective quality of life. The subjective quality of life increase with age, and Health, economic stability, Marital status of their children , the interaction between the their grandchildren are the important elements of the subjective quality of life. Changing role and losses in later life due to widowhood reduced the subjective quality of life.
Description
Keywords
老年農民, 生活型態, 生活事件, 生活品質, Elderly Farmer, Life Style, Life Event, Quality of Life