頻頻回首: 黎熹年《鹹魚女孩》中的跨世代創傷與賽伯格社群想像

Abstract

本論文探索黎熹年《鹹魚女孩》中的亞裔加拿大人對於過往和身分認同困境的糾結情懷。儘管多元文化的接納，但是亞裔加拿大人的族裔歷史和記憶已受加拿大多元文化主義的官方歷史侵蝕。相扣的敘事策略巧妙地捕捉頻頻回首並隱喻地反映離散軌跡。女媧和米蘭達的故事相互交替構成多向度且交織的敘事時空。藉由闡述跨世代創傷與賽伯格社群想像為理論基礎，筆者聲稱米蘭達的離散主體因著過往的殘餘而經歷改變，也主張賽伯格社群擱置全球資本主義的支配以及顛覆異性戀霸權的正統。

論文共有三章。第一章在加拿大多元文化的背景下爬梳跨世代創傷與賽伯格社群想像的理論脈絡，同時提供文本分析作為進一步的闡述。第二章汲取瑪麗安娜•赫希的後記憶觀點論述米蘭達的離散主體及其轉變政治。米蘭達的族裔氣味和記憶被官方視為一種幻想疾病難以捉摸的病徵反而動搖由跨國公司所支配的城市中過度淨化的空間和高度理性的秩序。如鬼魂縈繞般復返的過往不斷促使她再次檢視全球資本主義的剝削以及種族和性別歧視仍持續的當代。第三章從唐娜•哈洛威和朱迪斯•巴特勒的理論視野探究賽伯格社群打造在革命網絡中的重要性，進而顛覆全球資本主義的邏輯與異性戀霸權的規範，期盼本體論的典範轉移。在賽伯格社群的想像中，酷兒情慾與生殖的流動性鬆動種族他者的資本支配以及性別二分的父權壓迫。因為變化節奏中的賽伯格潛能抵抗全球資本主義的權勢和誘惑，所以本小說與其說是倖存故事，不如說是奮鬥故事。This thesis explores the Asian-Canadian affective entanglement with the past and identity dilemma in Larissa Lai’s Salt Fish Girl. Despite the mosaic cultural embrace, the Asian-Canadian ethnic history and memory have been undermined in the official history of Canadian multiculturalism. The alternation between the stories of Nu Wa and Miranda constitutes the multidimensional, interwoven narrative space and time. The interlocking narrative strategy subtly captures backward glances, metaphorically reflecting the diasporic trajectory. By elaborating on transgenerational traumas and cyborg community imaginings as the theoretical fundamental, I aver that Miranda’s diasporic subjectivity undergoes transformations with the residues of the past, and that the cyborg community suspends the domination of global capitalism and subverts the legitimacy of heterosexual hegemony.

The thesis consists of three chapters. Against the backdrop of Canadian multiculturalism, Chapter One teases out the theoretical context of transgenerational traumas and cyborg community imaginings while providing textual analysis for further elaboration. Drawing on Marianne Hirsch’s notion of postmemory, Chapter Two discusses Miranda’s diasporic subjectivity and its politics of transformation. Miranda’s ethnic odor and memory, officially recognized as an elusive symptom of the dreaming disease, unsettle the overly sanitized space and highly rationalized order of the city dominated by transnational corporations instead. The haunted return of the past unceasingly drives her to reexamine the present where the exploitation of global capitalism and racial and gender discrimination still persist. From the theoretical perspectives of Donna Haraway and Judith Butler, Chapter Three delves into the cyborg community building paramount in a revolutionary network to subvert the logic of global capitalism and normativity of heterosexual hegemony in hope of the paradigm shift of ontology. In the cyborg community imaginings, the fluidity of queer eroticism and reproduction destabilizes the capitalist dominance of racial others and the patriarchal oppression of gender dichotomy. With the cyborg potentialities in the cadence of change resisting the power and allure of global capitalism, the novel is not so much the story of survival as the story of struggle.