粵北土話小稱調的類型分析:優選理論的探索

Abstract

粵北土話小稱調已為不少文獻所探討，但大都侷限在語料描寫，理論分析甚少。因此，本文利用優選理論對粵北土話小稱調進行分析。本文首先回顧粵北土話小稱調的形成，並提出一組忠實|生與標記性的制約，加以不同的階層排序。研究結果顯示，優選理論可以妥善地處理粵北土話小稱調的調域選取與調形組成。此外，本文基於1憂選理論在語言類型預測上的主張，特別探討制約互動在粵北土話小稱調的調域及調形上所產生的類型，並進而說明語音標記性是造成某些類型缺乏的主因。

Previous studies of the tones of the diminutives in Yuebei Tuhua (YBTH) were skewed to dialectal descriptions, and failed to establish a connection to linguistic theory. For this sake, this study targets to fill the gap by bringing Optimality Theory (OT) into the formation of the tones of the diminutive (DTs) in YBTH. A set of faithfulness and markedness constraints is applied to analyze tonal registers and contours of the DTs in YBTH. It is shown that OT works well in the analysis ofthe DTs in YBTH. Moreover, special attention is directed to the factorial typology of tonal registers and contours of the DTs in YBTH, and explains that the unattested type in the voice-register interaction results from the cross-linguistic phonetic markedness.