基於物理算圖的肥皂泡色彩模擬

Abstract

肥皂泡是一種生活中常見的物體，是由肥皂與水組成的薄膜包覆著空氣形成的，不僅形狀多變有趣、也因為在被光照射時會產生出鮮豔的色彩而被人們所喜愛。然而，要在計算機圖學中準確模擬肥皂泡並不容易。肥皂泡上的色彩，是由於光波的特性與薄膜互相作用下產生的干涉效應引起的，而如光的波動性這樣較不直觀的光學特性，在以往常常被忽略。近年來，基於物理的算圖逐漸在計算機圖學領域中得到廣泛的應用。這種方法能夠很好的模擬真實世界中的光，將光在環境中的吸收、傳播、反射與折射等性質考慮進去，因此，基於物理的算圖適合用於模擬肥皂泡的色彩。本文考慮了肥皂泡表面的反射、透射以及光的干涉現象，並結合其他與光波長相關的特性，如色溫、折射率變化等，提出一種基於物理，能夠模擬出接近現實的肥皂泡表面色彩的計算方法，提高計算機圖學中對於薄膜類型的物體與光線互動的真實性。Soap bubbles are common objects in daily life, consisting of a thin film of soap and water enveloping air. Not only do they have various and interesting shapes, but they are also loved by people because they produce vibrant colors when illuminated by light.However, accurately simulating soap bubbles in computer graphics is not an easy task. The colors on soap bubbles are caused by the interference effect of the interaction between light waves and the thin film. Optical properties such as the wave nature of light, which are less intuitive, have often been ignored in the past.In recent years, physically-based rendering has been widely used in computer graphics. This method can simulate light in the real world by taking into account properties such as absorption, propagation, reflection, and refraction of light in the environment. Therefore, physically based rendering is suitable for simulating the colors of soap bubbles.This article considers the reflection and transmission of soap bubble surfaces, as well as the interference phenomenon of light, and combines other properties related to the wavelength of light, such as color temperature and changes in refractive index. A physically based calculation method is proposed that can simulate soap bubble surface colors close to reality, and improve the realism of the interaction between objects with film types and light in computer graphics.