從文化產業探討地方文物館的發展~高雄縣皮影戲館視覺設計規劃研究

Abstract

摘要 本研究為探討文化產業對於地方文物館發展之影響，並以高雄縣皮影戲館的視覺設計規劃為實務創作對象；近年來地方文化產業已成為促進地方經濟再生與文化保存延續之重要策略，而在政府推動「社區總體營造」計劃與實踐「文化產業化、產業文化化」之政策目標下，陸續成立許多以地方特色產業為主題的館設，結合博物館的形式、社區居民、專業規劃人才等等，以推動地方文化產業發展，同時發揮文化傳承的功能。 「展示」是博物館工作中直接面對觀眾的部分，「展示場」是博物館與觀眾溝通的場域，藉由公開的視覺設計與展示以達成教育的功能，是博物館設置的主要目的之一。因此，展示空間的視覺規劃設計對博物館整體營運甚為重要。由於國內對博物館展示設計的研究資料的缺乏，進而影響到館舍建築的設計、規劃及營運管理的工作和發展，且成立之後缺乏專業人才經營和經費短缺，而只成為古物陳列室的剩餘價值；博物館在今日被視為文化傳承的媒介與工具之一，如何運用這個管道來拓展我們的文化視野，進而使它成為具特色的地方文化產業？這也成為本研究關心的議題。 本創作研究嘗試從政府文化政策的轉變脈絡中，探討台灣地方文物館的生成環境，以及高雄縣皮影戲館的設立背景緣由，並透過皮影戲館視覺規劃的實務創作執行過程，觀察「視覺設計」此項專業工作在地方文物館中所扮演的角色與功能。希望經由富有創意的的視覺設計規劃，提昇更高效益的附加價值，並試圖在人文藝術層面的展館中，找出文化產業化的可能性，作為台灣地方文物館視覺設計規劃及展示上未來改進方向的參考。 全文區分為五章，其要點分述如下： 第一章 緒論 闡述研究動機與目的、研究方法及相關研究範圍，作為研究創作的出發點。 第二章 創作主題的文獻探討 敘述台灣近年來文化政策的發展與轉變；了解台灣地方文物館的現況；藉由個人過去參與設計規劃的實務經驗中，提出對地方文化產業發展的觀察；透過相關文獻概述皮影戲的緣由，以及高雄縣皮影戲館的設立背景、收藏計畫、展示計畫、教育活動與社會資源發展計畫等，並從中界定未來創作方向及目標。 第三章 創作主題的條件分析 現場實地了解並記錄高雄縣皮影戲館的展示環境 ( 空間、動線、照明、展示項目及需求 ) ，分析皮影戲館的營運現況、更新計畫經費與館方對於改裝的期待等，作為本創作表現方式的基本條件。 第四章 創作研究表現 本章將依高雄縣皮影戲館的實務視覺設計規劃，說明創作的流程、媒介及視覺規劃、展示設計流程，並分析主題館、專題館、特展室與館區環境指標等設計表現。 第五章 結論與建議 分別就以上各章節之研究及創作提出具體結論。並對未來台灣文化創意產業發展方向及高雄縣皮影戲館未來的視覺規劃、展示設計與產業化等問題提出具體的建議。 關鍵詞：文化產業、文化政策、地方文物館、皮影戲、視覺設計、展示設計、環境指標設計ABSTRACT This study focuses on the impact of cultural industry on the development of local cultural museum and takes the visual design of Museum of Shadow Puppet, Kaohsiung County as the study subject. In recent years, the promotion of local cultural industry has become one of the important strategies that would stimulate local economy and reserve the cultural remains. Under the political goals of “comprehensive community building” and “cultural industrialization, industrial culturalization,” some museum facilities centered on the theme of “local culture” have been built and developed to integrate the function of museum, community participation, the specialization of planning and design and maintain and promote the local development as well as the cultural heritage. Exhibition is the part that the museums directly face the visitors; “exhibition site” is the space used for the communication between the museum and the visitors. One of the aims of the museum is to achieve the education function through the open visual design and exhibition. Thus, the visual planning and design of exhibition space is essential for the operation of the museum. In addition, due to the insufficient resources of the research on the design and planning of museums, the building, planning, management, and development of museum buildings has not been able to conduct effectively. The shortage of professional management and funds also worsens the problem and makes museums become the residual value of old exhibition room. Nowadays, museums have been regarded as one of the media and tools to maintain the cultural heritage. How to take advantage of this channel to expand our cultural vision becomes an issue of the promotion of local cultural industry with its characteristics and this is also the focus of this study. This creative study attempts to explore the macro environment of Taiwanese cultural museums under the network of changes of governmental cultural policies and the background for establishing Museum of Shadow Puppet, Kaohsiung County; through the actual participation in the visual design of the museum of shadow puppet, we observed the role and function of the work. It is the aim to promote high efficient added value through the creative visual design and planning and it is the attempt to find out the feasibility of cultural industrialization in the exhibition and museum of human art and to serve as the reference for future improvement in the field of visual design and planning of Taiwan’s local cultural museums. There are five chapters in the report and the main points are stated as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction It describes the research object and purpose, research method, and relevant research scope as the initial of the creative research. Chapter 2 Literature Review It states the change of cultural policies in Taiwan in recent years to understand the current situation. Based on personal experience and participation in the design and planning work, the researcher proposes self-observation. From the literature and the background, collective plan, exhibition plan, educational activities, and the use of social resources for establishing Museum of Shadow Puppet, Kaohsiung County, we try to define the future direction and goals. Chapter 3 Theme Analysis Through on site visit, we would know and record the exhibition environment (space, routes, lightening, exhibition item, and demand), analyze the operation of museum of shadow puppet, renew budgeting, and meet the expectations of the museum administration on the remodeling as the basic elements of creation and presentation. Chapter 4 Presentation of Creative Research This chapter describes the actual visual design and planning work in Museum of Shadow Puppet, Kaohsiung County to help us understand the process of creation, media and visual planning and to analyze the plan of theme building, designated building, exhibition room, and the index of the museum environment. Chapter 5 Conclusion and Suggestion In this chapter, we would propose the concrete conclusions for the creative study. We will also offer suggestions to the issues such as the future development of Taiwanese cultural creative industries, the visual design and planning of Museum of Shadow Puppet, Kaohsiung County, exhibition planning, the industrialization, and the like. Key Words: Cultural industry, local cultural museum, shadow puppet, visual design, exhibition planning, the design of environmental index