身體活動量對老年人白血球數目及淋巴細胞亞群之影響

Abstract

目的：本研究旨在探討不同身體活動量的老年人體內周邊血球數量及比例，淋巴細胞亞群比例是否有其差異性。方法：27位健康老年人（男性10位，平均年齡67.10 ± 2.64歲；女性17位，平均年齡68.82 ± 3.47歲），依老年人身體活動量表（PASE）將全體受試者分為高身體活動量、中身體活動量及低身體活動量三組，比較周邊血液中血球的數量及比例，淋巴細胞亞群CD3＋、CD3＋CD4＋、CD3＋CD8＋、CD3－CD19＋、CD3－CD16＋CD56＋、CD4＋CD45RA＋、CD4＋CD45RO＋、CD8＋CD45RA＋、CD8＋CD45RO＋的比例及CD4＋/CD8＋的比值之差異性，所得數據以獨立樣本單因子變異數進行分析。結果：發現高身體活動量組有顯著較高的淋巴球比例及單核球的比例（p＜ .05），而嗜中性球的數量及比例則顯著較低（p＜ .05）。而在淋巴細胞亞群部分，在中身體活量組與高身體動量組中，CD3＋CD8＋、CD3－CD19＋、CD3－CD16＋CD56＋、CD4＋CD45RA＋、CD8＋CD45RA＋有升高趨勢，而CD3＋、CD3＋CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋ratio值、CD4＋CD45RO＋、CD8＋CD45RO＋有下降趨勢，且中等身體活動量組的老人較其他兩組有較高的CD3－CD19＋、CD3－CD16＋CD56＋、CD4＋CD45RA＋的比例及較低的CD3＋比例（p＜ .05），表示身體活動量過高時會對老年人體內的產生免疫抑制現象，因此適度的身體活動可能較可以減緩免疫的老化現象。Objective: This research aims at looking into the difference in quantity and percentages of peripheral mononuclear blood cells and the percentage of their lymphocytes subsets of elderly with different level of physical activities. Method: 27 healthy elderly are invited to be our participants. (10 Men, Average age: 67.10 ± 2.64 years old, 17 women, Average age: 68.82 ± 3.47 years old) According to the difference in PASE of these participants, they are divided into three groups. Namely, high level of physical activities, medium level of physical activities and low level of physical activities. Independent event one-way analysis of variance is used to analyze the quantity and percentage of peripheral mononuclear blood cells and lymphocytes subsets( percentage of CD3＋、CD3＋CD4＋、CD3＋CD8＋、CD3－CD19＋、CD3－CD16＋CD56＋、CD4＋CD45RA＋、CD4＋CD45RO＋、CD8＋CD45RA＋、CD8＋CD45RO＋ and difference in ratio of CD4＋/CD8＋). Findings: It is found that there are significantly larger percentages of the peripheral mononuclear blood cells and monocyte of the participants classified as High Level of Physical Activities Group.（p＜ .05） while the amount and percentage of neutrophil is significantly lower（p＜ .05）. Among the lymphocytes subsets, the ratio of CD3＋CD8＋、CD3－CD19＋、CD3－CD16＋CD56＋、CD4＋CD45RA＋、CD8＋CD45RA＋、shows the tendency to increase while that of CD3＋、CD3＋CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋、CD4＋CD45RO＋、CD8＋CD45RO＋shows the tendency to decrease following the increase in level of physical activities of the participants. The participants of the Medium Level of Physical Activities have a higher percentage inCD3－CD19＋、CD3－CD16＋CD56＋、CD4＋CD45RA＋and a lower percentage in CD3＋(p＜ .05). These findings reflect that the exceed level of physical activities of elderly will weaken their immunity. On the other hand, the appropriate amount of physical exercises can possibly slow down the aging of their immune system.