同時執行阻力運動與認知訓練後對工作記憶之影響
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2025
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Abstract
本研究旨在探討不同強度阻力運動結合認知訓練 (N-back工作記憶任務) 後對工作記憶表現之影響，並分析經過30分鐘休息後對認知表現之影響，過去研究指出，高強度運動會抑制前額葉執行功能，並影響認知表現，通常在急性高強度阻力運動後認知表現較差，但同時也指出影響認知表現的神經生化指標會隨著運動強度增強，這與認知表現的結果不同，乳酸的累積同時也能提供大腦能量並刺激腦源性神經滋養因子 (BDNF) 釋放，有促進認知恢復與增進工作記憶表現的可能。研究方法:本研究共招募20位18至40歲之健康成年人，進行三種情境介入：高阻力運動情境 (80% 1RM)、中阻力運動情境 (65% 1RM)、與控制情境(無負重)之阻力運動，同時執行N-back任務，並於訓練前後進行2-back與3-back測驗。結果:在運動後休息30分鐘的條件下，大部分情境在2-back與3-back任務的效率指標表現在後測都有顯著進步，尤其以高阻力情境在3-back任務的效率指標進步最為顯著，且各組後測正確率表現無顯著差異。討論:經過30分鐘的休息後，高強度阻力運動帶來的暫時性次額葉假說影響已不存在，但雙重任務帶來的學習效應不可避免，導致後測的效率指標都優於前測，值得注意的是在高阻力情境的3-back任務表現最佳，高強度阻力運動可能對高認知負荷工作記憶表現有促進作用，支持運動後認知效益需經過適當恢復時間方能呈現的觀點，也呼應「引導塑性促進理論」中雙重任務訓練對認知功能的潛在益處。
This study examined how different intensities of resistance exercise combined with cognitive training (N-back tasks) affect working memory performance, and whether a 30-minute rest modulates this effect. Prior studies suggest that while high-intensity exercise may temporarily impair executive function, it also raises lactate and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels—markers that could enhance cognitive recovery. Methods: Twenty healthy adults (aged 18–40) completed a randomized crossover trial with three conditions: high-intensity (80% 1RM), moderate-intensity (65% 1RM), and control (no load), all paired with N-back dual-task training. Participants took 2-back and 3-back tests before and after each condition. Results: After 30 minutes of rest, cognitive efficiency improved significantly in most conditions, particularly in the high-intensity 3-back task. Post-test accuracy did not differ significantly among conditions. Discussion: The transient hypofrontality effect induced by high-intensity exercise appeared to dissipate after the rest period. While learning effects may have contributed to the overall improvement across conditions, the enhancement in 3-back performance under high intensity suggests that high-intensity resistance exercise may particularly benefit high-load working memory tasks. These findings support the notion that cognitive benefits of exercise emerge more clearly after adequate recovery and align with the Guided Plasticity Facilitation Theory, which highlights the cognitive advantages of dual-task training.
This study examined how different intensities of resistance exercise combined with cognitive training (N-back tasks) affect working memory performance, and whether a 30-minute rest modulates this effect. Prior studies suggest that while high-intensity exercise may temporarily impair executive function, it also raises lactate and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels—markers that could enhance cognitive recovery. Methods: Twenty healthy adults (aged 18–40) completed a randomized crossover trial with three conditions: high-intensity (80% 1RM), moderate-intensity (65% 1RM), and control (no load), all paired with N-back dual-task training. Participants took 2-back and 3-back tests before and after each condition. Results: After 30 minutes of rest, cognitive efficiency improved significantly in most conditions, particularly in the high-intensity 3-back task. Post-test accuracy did not differ significantly among conditions. Discussion: The transient hypofrontality effect induced by high-intensity exercise appeared to dissipate after the rest period. While learning effects may have contributed to the overall improvement across conditions, the enhancement in 3-back performance under high intensity suggests that high-intensity resistance exercise may particularly benefit high-load working memory tasks. These findings support the notion that cognitive benefits of exercise emerge more clearly after adequate recovery and align with the Guided Plasticity Facilitation Theory, which highlights the cognitive advantages of dual-task training.
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雙重任務訓練, 認知表現, 阻力運動, 工作記憶, N-back, 暫時性次額葉假說, Simultaneous Dual-task Training, Cognitive performance, Resistance training, Working memory, N-back, Transient Hypofrontality Hypothesis