外國學生校園經驗、跨文化適應與續讀意願之關係探究—以北部某國立大學為例

Abstract

正式修讀學士班學位之外國學生這幾年來臺人數逐年增加，但受COVID-19疫情影響，使其人數不如以往，為了持續提升臺灣教育國際化程度以及國際形象，吸引更多學生來臺，本研究將關注其在大學續讀之議題，探究在校園經驗與續讀意願之關係，且因他們隻身來到異地，所以亦加入了跨文化適應的因素。本研究以量化方式進行研究，目的在於瞭解外國學生校園經驗、跨文化適應與續讀意願之現況、差異情形以及彼此變項之間之關係，並以某一國立大學之大學部學生為研究對象，以email傳送電子問卷給在學生462位；為加強問卷回收，又輔以紙本問卷供其填答，回收222份，整體回收率為48.05%，有效問卷216份，有效問卷比例97.30%。所收問卷進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、階層迴歸和皮爾森相關分析。本研究結果如下： 一、在描述性統計分析部份，外國學生續讀意願感受最佳，其次依序為跨文化適應、校園經驗。 二、不同個人背景變項在校園經驗之部分面向均有顯著差異，而跨文化適應部分，只有學院類別、社團參與和不同GDP有顯著差異。 三、採階層迴歸分析，區塊一：不同背景變項解釋力12.7%，再加入校園經驗和跨文化適應變項後，提升至37.1%，證實這兩個變項對於續讀意願的重要性；校園經驗和跨文化適應之關聯為0.526，達到中度相關。 四、非正式訪談結果發現，學生對於跨文化適應及感受甚覺良好，對於續讀以及學位的追求意願極高，然而新生初期在人際和課業上的衝擊，可能會有極端不同的校園經驗感受，然經過家人的支持以及老師的關心協助，隨著時間拉長，感受上逐漸朝向正面發展。 本研究根據量化之研究結果，進一步對學校相關單位、外國學生以及未來之相關研究，提出具體之建議。The number of foreign students who pursue bachelor degrees in Taiwan has increased steadily in recent years. However, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of bachelor degree candidates is less than before. In order to continuously improve the internationalization of education and international image of Taiwan and to attract more students to come to Taiwan, this study focused on the students’ continuous intentions in university and explored the relationship between their campus experiences and their continuous intention. Furthermore, because they are foreign students, their cross-cultural adjustment was also analyzed in this study.The purpose of this study was to better understand the experiences of foreign students by specifically examining three factors: students' campus experiences, cross-cultural adjustment and continuous intention. This study was conducted in a quantitative manner with a questionnaire survey distributed by email or in-person paper survey. 462 foreign undergraduate students from a national university were given surveys to fill out. A total of 222 responses were received, and 216 were valid. The response rate was 48.05% and the proportion of valid questionnaires was 97.30%. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, factor variance analysis, multiple regression and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.The results of this study are as follows:1. Descriptive statistical analysis showed that foreign students gave the more positive responses about their continuous intention, followed by cross-cultural adjustment and campus experiences.2. In terms of campus experiences, different personal background variables have significant differences. For cross-cultural adjustment, the only significant factors were the type of college, club participation and GDP.3. The results from hierarchical regression analysis, block 1: the explanatory power of different background variables is 12.7%. After adding the campus experiences and cross-cultural adjustment variables, it increases to 37.1%, confirming the importance of these two variables for the continuous intention. The correlation between campus experiences and cross-cultural adjustment is 0.526, reaching a moderate correlation.4. The results of the informal interviews revealed that the students had positive experiences pertaining to cross-cultural adjustment and have a strong willingness to continue their studies. However, students during their freshman year may have had extremely different campus experiences and feelings of shock related to peer interactions and academic learning. But with the support of family members and assistance of teachers, their feelings gradually became more positive as time went by.Based on the research results, suggestions are provided for related institutions, foreign students, and future studies.