圖像教學對沈浸式學前班華語學習成效

Abstract

在華人家庭和逐漸增加的全球化世界觀之下，小學學習華語作為第二外語的人數愈來愈多，不少家長也特別注重幼兒學習第二語，因此沈浸式教學的小學由此而生。在華語教育的推動下，帶領更多的孩子從學前班開始培養孩子對於母語學習的興趣，教師更是應該藉由多種方法啟發學生學習華語的動機，對未來走向國際化做準備，而圖像更是孩子在成長過程中不可或缺的一環。本研究之目的在探究圖像教學對孩子學習華文的成效，其研究對象共有15人，研究時間為兩個月，並運用心智圖、孩子自我繪圖和繪本融入沈浸式教學中，最後，對於圖像教學的學習成效，在心智圖故事、小書閱讀測驗、聽寫測驗及問卷調查中進行分析，並得到以下研究結果：一、圖像教學作為教學策略是可以提升學前班學生學華文的興趣。二、利用圖像先做構思，再組織語言的方法，能有效幫助幼兒的思維能力， 激發創意且喚起自身經驗和記憶，運用在溝通互動上。三、圖像教學能讓學生在聽、說、讀、寫方面，提升整體流暢度。最後，根據實驗結果提出對於未來研究之建議，一為可以多方面設計針對學前班學習者的學習教材，在教學素材上優先選擇能激發學生創意素材為佳。二開發更多以華語為主的在沉浸式教學課程，再清楚的教學架構下結合各學科，提升課程豐富度，三積極研究學生語言成長背景和自身學習的關係，考慮到學生自身的學習環境，教學上，補足該生長背景缺失。With many Chinese families and an increasingly globalized world outlook, leading to the development of elementary school immersion teaching. This method of Chinese language education allows children to cultivate their mother tongue from preschool. Teachers should use a variety of methods to inspire students’ motivation to learn Chinese, and picture learning is an indispensable part of kids growing up.This research explores the effect of Image Teaching on children's learning of Chinese. The research subjects are 15 students over a two-month period. Mind maps, children's self-drawing, and picture books are integrated into the immersive teaching. The impact of this method is analyzed using the mind map, tests, and questionnaire survey of students, collected in the latter half of the experiment. The research drew the following conclusions: 1. Image teaching method can enhance the interest of preschool students in learning Chinese. 2. Using images to make ideas first and then organize language can help children's cognition, stimulate their own experience and memory, and be used in communication and interaction. 3. Image teaching can help improve children’s overall fluency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Suggestions for future research are: first that recognition and appreciation of students’ pictures should be incorporated into teachers' training. Second, increase Chinese textbooks based on mind maps, which can be combined with images to enhance curriculum. Third, guide Chinese textbooks to add content from different cultures, so that students can be inspired by a wide range of influences while immersed in Chinese curriculum.