數位學習應用於綠色供應鏈管理之研究

Abstract

近年來，隨著環保意識與綠色消費的抬頭，歐盟率先從2003年開始，陸續公佈並實施廢電機電子設備指令(WEEE)、危害物質限用指令(RoHS)及耗能產品設備指令(EuP)，迫使企業正視產品在生命週期中對環境造成之衝擊。企業為確保最終產品能符合國際環保標準，綠色供應鏈管理勢在必行，然而承辦供應商之綠色相關訓練，卻造成企業不小的負擔。C電子透過資策會輔導，建置「綠色供應鏈知識網」，在面板業開創以線上學習之方式進行供應商訓練的先例。 本研究欲站在使用者之角度，藉由個案訪談之方式了解學習者應用綠色供應鏈知識網之現況、效益與阻礙，並利用修正後之科技接受模型，針對影響使用者接受程度之因素以結構方程模式進行量化實證性研究，以提供個案公司與業界應用數位學習於綠色供應鏈管理之實務建議與參考依據。 研究結果發現，綠色供應鏈知識網所提供之內容以綠色規範為主軸，包含承認書的製作與數值的填寫、相關禁／限用物質與綠色概念資訊的傳達與供應商管理系統平台操作之教學。效益方面，藉由數位學習的模式，成功提高了供應鏈管理效率、節省訓練成本並提昇訂單優勢，且有助於新人訓練、職位交接與資訊傳遞，也降低了工作時的錯誤率。尤其數位學習更突破了時空限制，給予學習者時間更大的時間分配彈性。然而，數位學習成效則會受到學習環境、操作技術與理論之落差、平台限制與網路及電腦硬體設備的影響，有待未來之改善。另外，調查研究的分析結果顯示，綠色供應鏈知識網之「資訊品質」對「認知易用性」會產生正向顯著影響，而「認知易用性」也對「認知有用性」產生正向顯著影響。表示供應鏈知識網若具備良好之「資訊品質」，則學習者認知應用綠色供應鏈知識網之容易程度也更高；而當學習者認知該平台易於使用，則其認知可提高工作績效或學習表現的程度也更高。As the world has been paying increased attention on environmental protection and green consumption, the European Union started in 2003 to announce and put several directives in effect, including the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE), the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) and the Eco-design of Energy-using Products (EuP). These directives were enforced to push industrial communities to focus on the impacts of products to the environment during their life cycles. To ensure that the final products meet international environmental criteria, green supply chain management is inevitable. Particularly, corporations have to ask their suppliers to carry out green training, so that there is a standard for each link of the supply chain in their production processes. Chi Mei Optoelectronics, the fourth largest LCD manufacturer in the world, has established the “Green supply chain knowledge network” with the assistance of Institute for Information Industry of Taiwan, and became the first LCD manufacturer in the world that had adopted e-learning. The network provides education and training for the engineers of Chi Mei Optoelectronics’s suppliers and leads its enormous supply chain system into an era of e-learning. In this Study, the researcher not only analyzed the current state, benefits and obstacles of applying E-Learning in green supply chain management by way of case study but also developed a structured model which based on Technology Acceptance Model and applied Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) method to proceed empirical study. Study founded that filling out the Eco-profile, ban/restricted substances, concept of green standard, and instruction of using the supplier management system are major contents in the online course. Besides, online learning improved the efficiency of green supply chain management, reduced the training cost and enhanced the advantages of orders. It was contributive to new employee training, position transformation, information delivering and reducing the error rate for the work. In particular, e-learning also breaks through the limitations of time and space. However, effectiveness of e-learning will be influenced by the gap between theory and operation, online learning system limitations, and hardware efficiency. In addition, empirical analysis results showed that “Information Quality” had a significant positive impact on “Perceived Ease of Use”, and “Perceived Ease of Use” also had a significant positive impact on “Perceived Usefulness”.